Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)
Premature leaf senescence has a profound influence on crop yield and quality. Here, a stable premature senescence mutant (<i>GSm</i>) was obtained from the common wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) cultivar Chang 6878 by mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate. The differenc...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| author | Juan Lu Lili Sun Xiujuan Jin Md Ashraful Islam Feng Guo Xiaosha Tang Kai Zhao Huifang Hao Ning Li Wenjun Zhang Yugang Shi Shuguang Wang Daizhen Sun |
| author_facet | Juan Lu Lili Sun Xiujuan Jin Md Ashraful Islam Feng Guo Xiaosha Tang Kai Zhao Huifang Hao Ning Li Wenjun Zhang Yugang Shi Shuguang Wang Daizhen Sun |
| author_sort | Juan Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Premature leaf senescence has a profound influence on crop yield and quality. Here, a stable premature senescence mutant (<i>GSm</i>) was obtained from the common wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) cultivar Chang 6878 by mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate. The differences between the <i>GSm</i> mutant and its wild-type (WT) were analyzed in terms of yield characteristics, photosynthetic fluorescence indices, and senescence-related physiological parameters. RNA sequencing was used to reveal gene expression differences between <i>GSm</i> and WT. The results showed that the yield of <i>GSm</i> was considerably lower than that of WT. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, maximum quantum yield, non-photochemical quenching coefficient, photosynthetic electron transport rate, soluble protein, peroxidase activity, and catalase activity all remarkably decreased in flag leaves of <i>GSm</i>, whereas malondialdehyde content distinctively increased compared with those of WT. The analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated blockade of chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis, accelerated degradation of chlorophyll, and diminished photosynthetic capacity in mutant leaves; brassinolide might facilitate chlorophyll breakdown and consequently accelerate leaf senescence. <i>NAC</i> genes positively regulated the senescence process. Compared with <i>NAC</i> genes, expression of <i>WRKY</i> and <i>MYB</i> genes was induced earlier in the mutant possibly due to increased levels of reactive oxygen species and plant hormones (e.g., brassinolide, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid), thereby accelerating leaf senescence. Furthermore, the antioxidant system played a role in minimizing oxidative damage in the mutant. These results provides novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of premature leaf senescence in crops. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:22:51Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-77aee019348e456ea15d3fa01f5da32e2023-11-23T15:40:15ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-06-0111690410.3390/biology11060904Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)Juan Lu0Lili Sun1Xiujuan Jin2Md Ashraful Islam3Feng Guo4Xiaosha Tang5Kai Zhao6Huifang Hao7Ning Li8Wenjun Zhang9Yugang Shi10Shuguang Wang11Daizhen Sun12State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaPremature leaf senescence has a profound influence on crop yield and quality. Here, a stable premature senescence mutant (<i>GSm</i>) was obtained from the common wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) cultivar Chang 6878 by mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate. The differences between the <i>GSm</i> mutant and its wild-type (WT) were analyzed in terms of yield characteristics, photosynthetic fluorescence indices, and senescence-related physiological parameters. RNA sequencing was used to reveal gene expression differences between <i>GSm</i> and WT. The results showed that the yield of <i>GSm</i> was considerably lower than that of WT. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, maximum quantum yield, non-photochemical quenching coefficient, photosynthetic electron transport rate, soluble protein, peroxidase activity, and catalase activity all remarkably decreased in flag leaves of <i>GSm</i>, whereas malondialdehyde content distinctively increased compared with those of WT. The analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated blockade of chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis, accelerated degradation of chlorophyll, and diminished photosynthetic capacity in mutant leaves; brassinolide might facilitate chlorophyll breakdown and consequently accelerate leaf senescence. <i>NAC</i> genes positively regulated the senescence process. Compared with <i>NAC</i> genes, expression of <i>WRKY</i> and <i>MYB</i> genes was induced earlier in the mutant possibly due to increased levels of reactive oxygen species and plant hormones (e.g., brassinolide, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid), thereby accelerating leaf senescence. Furthermore, the antioxidant system played a role in minimizing oxidative damage in the mutant. These results provides novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of premature leaf senescence in crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/6/904common wheatdifferentially expressed genesleaf senescencepremature senescence mutantRNA sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Juan Lu Lili Sun Xiujuan Jin Md Ashraful Islam Feng Guo Xiaosha Tang Kai Zhao Huifang Hao Ning Li Wenjun Zhang Yugang Shi Shuguang Wang Daizhen Sun Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Biology common wheat differentially expressed genes leaf senescence premature senescence mutant RNA sequencing |
| title | Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_full | Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_short | Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant (<i>GSm</i>) and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) |
| title_sort | analysis of physiological and transcriptomic differences between a premature senescence mutant i gsm i and its wild type in common wheat i triticum aestivum i l |
| topic | common wheat differentially expressed genes leaf senescence premature senescence mutant RNA sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/6/904 |
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