Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i>
The green macroalga <i>Ulva prolifera</i> has a number of variants, some of which are asexual (independent from sexual variants). Although it has been harvested for food, the yield is decreasing. To meet market demand, developing elite cultivars is required. The present study investigate...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| author | Yoichi Sato Yutaro Kinoshita Miho Mogamiya Eri Inomata Masakazu Hoshino Masanori Hiraoka |
| author_facet | Yoichi Sato Yutaro Kinoshita Miho Mogamiya Eri Inomata Masakazu Hoshino Masanori Hiraoka |
| author_sort | Yoichi Sato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The green macroalga <i>Ulva prolifera</i> has a number of variants, some of which are asexual (independent from sexual variants). Although it has been harvested for food, the yield is decreasing. To meet market demand, developing elite cultivars is required. The present study investigated the genetic stability of asexual variants, genotype (<i>hsp90</i> gene sequences) and phenotype variations across a temperature gradient (10–30 °C) in an apomictic population. Asexual variants were collected from six localities in Japan and were isolated as an unialgal strain. The <i>hsp90</i> gene sequences of six strains were different and each strain included multiple distinct alleles, suggesting that the strains were diploid and heterozygous. The responses of growth and sporulation versus temperature differed among strains. Differences in thermosensitivity among strains could be interpreted as the result of evolution and processes of adaptation to site-specific environmental conditions. Although carbon content did not differ among strains and cultivation temperatures, nitrogen content tended to increase at higher temperatures and there were differences among strains. A wide variety of asexual variants stably reproducing clonally would be advantageous in selecting elite cultivars for long-term cultivation. Using asexual variants as available resources for elite cultivars provides potential support for increasing the productivity of <i>U. prolifera</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:08:19Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:08:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-77b0f35942634bf58d6f8e44c5f11d052023-11-23T01:02:29ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-10-011011225610.3390/plants10112256Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i>Yoichi Sato0Yutaro Kinoshita1Miho Mogamiya2Eri Inomata3Masakazu Hoshino4Masanori Hiraoka5Bio-Resources Business Development Division, Riken Food Co., Ltd., Miyagi 985-0844, JapanBio-Resources Business Development Division, Riken Food Co., Ltd., Miyagi 985-0844, JapanBio-Resources Business Development Division, Riken Food Co., Ltd., Miyagi 985-0844, JapanBio-Resources Business Development Division, Riken Food Co., Ltd., Miyagi 985-0844, JapanDepartment of Algal Development and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyUsa Marine Biological Institute, Kochi University, Kochi 781-1164, JapanThe green macroalga <i>Ulva prolifera</i> has a number of variants, some of which are asexual (independent from sexual variants). Although it has been harvested for food, the yield is decreasing. To meet market demand, developing elite cultivars is required. The present study investigated the genetic stability of asexual variants, genotype (<i>hsp90</i> gene sequences) and phenotype variations across a temperature gradient (10–30 °C) in an apomictic population. Asexual variants were collected from six localities in Japan and were isolated as an unialgal strain. The <i>hsp90</i> gene sequences of six strains were different and each strain included multiple distinct alleles, suggesting that the strains were diploid and heterozygous. The responses of growth and sporulation versus temperature differed among strains. Differences in thermosensitivity among strains could be interpreted as the result of evolution and processes of adaptation to site-specific environmental conditions. Although carbon content did not differ among strains and cultivation temperatures, nitrogen content tended to increase at higher temperatures and there were differences among strains. A wide variety of asexual variants stably reproducing clonally would be advantageous in selecting elite cultivars for long-term cultivation. Using asexual variants as available resources for elite cultivars provides potential support for increasing the productivity of <i>U. prolifera</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2256macroalga<i>Ulva prolifera</i>obligate asexual strainrelative growth ratesporulationland-based cultivation |
| spellingShingle | Yoichi Sato Yutaro Kinoshita Miho Mogamiya Eri Inomata Masakazu Hoshino Masanori Hiraoka Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Plants macroalga <i>Ulva prolifera</i> obligate asexual strain relative growth rate sporulation land-based cultivation |
| title | Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> |
| title_full | Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> |
| title_fullStr | Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> |
| title_short | Different Growth and Sporulation Responses to Temperature Gradient among Obligate Apomictic Strains of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> |
| title_sort | different growth and sporulation responses to temperature gradient among obligate apomictic strains of i ulva prolifera i |
| topic | macroalga <i>Ulva prolifera</i> obligate asexual strain relative growth rate sporulation land-based cultivation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2256 |
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