Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis
Infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites can lead to cancer development. Infection with the helminthic parasite <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> can cause cancer of the urinary bladder in humans, and infection with the parasites <i>Clonorchis sinensis</i> and...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8173 |
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| author | Ana Gabriela Leija-Montoya Javier González-Ramírez Gustavo Martínez-Coronilla María Esther Mejía-León Mario Isiordia-Espinoza Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortez Viviana Pitones-Rubio Nicolas Serafín-Higuera |
| author_facet | Ana Gabriela Leija-Montoya Javier González-Ramírez Gustavo Martínez-Coronilla María Esther Mejía-León Mario Isiordia-Espinoza Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortez Viviana Pitones-Rubio Nicolas Serafín-Higuera |
| author_sort | Ana Gabriela Leija-Montoya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites can lead to cancer development. Infection with the helminthic parasite <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> can cause cancer of the urinary bladder in humans, and infection with the parasites <i>Clonorchis sinensis</i> and <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> can promote cholangiocarcinoma. These three pathogens have been categorized as “group 1: carcinogenic to humans” by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Additionally, the parasite <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> has been associated with liver and colorectal cancer and classified as “group 2B: possibly carcinogenic to humans”. These parasites express regulatory non-coding RNAs as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which modulate genic expression in different biological processes. In this review, we discuss the potential roles of miRNAS and lncRNAs encoded by helminthic parasites that are classified by the IARC as carcinogenic and possibly carcinogenic to humans. The miRNAs of these parasites may be involved in carcinogenesis by modulating the biological functions of the pathogen and the host and by altering microenvironments prone to tumor growth. miRNAs were identified in different host fluids. Additionally, some miRNAs showed direct antitumoral effects. Together, these miRNAs show potential for use in future therapeutic and diagnostic applications. LncRNAs have been less studied in these parasites, and their biological effects in the parasite–host interaction are largely unknown. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:23:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77b16defed0e4a35afcdefc903a0d075 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:23:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-77b16defed0e4a35afcdefc903a0d0752023-12-03T12:38:49ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-07-012315817310.3390/ijms23158173Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human CarcinogenesisAna Gabriela Leija-Montoya0Javier González-Ramírez1Gustavo Martínez-Coronilla2María Esther Mejía-León3Mario Isiordia-Espinoza4Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz5Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortez6Viviana Pitones-Rubio7Nicolas Serafín-Higuera8Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, BC, MexicoFacultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Av. Álvaro Obregón y Calle “G” S/N, Col. Nueva, Mexicali 21100, BC, MexicoFacultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, BC, MexicoFacultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, BC, MexicoInstituto de Investigación en Ciencias Médicas, Departamento de Clínicas, División de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, JAL, MexicoDepartamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección XVI, Tlapan 140080, DF, MexicoCentro de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Zotoluca s/n, Fracc. Calafia, Mexicali 21040, BC, MexicoCentro de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Zotoluca s/n, Fracc. Calafia, Mexicali 21040, BC, MexicoCentro de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Zotoluca s/n, Fracc. Calafia, Mexicali 21040, BC, MexicoInfectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites can lead to cancer development. Infection with the helminthic parasite <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> can cause cancer of the urinary bladder in humans, and infection with the parasites <i>Clonorchis sinensis</i> and <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> can promote cholangiocarcinoma. These three pathogens have been categorized as “group 1: carcinogenic to humans” by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Additionally, the parasite <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> has been associated with liver and colorectal cancer and classified as “group 2B: possibly carcinogenic to humans”. These parasites express regulatory non-coding RNAs as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which modulate genic expression in different biological processes. In this review, we discuss the potential roles of miRNAS and lncRNAs encoded by helminthic parasites that are classified by the IARC as carcinogenic and possibly carcinogenic to humans. The miRNAs of these parasites may be involved in carcinogenesis by modulating the biological functions of the pathogen and the host and by altering microenvironments prone to tumor growth. miRNAs were identified in different host fluids. Additionally, some miRNAs showed direct antitumoral effects. Together, these miRNAs show potential for use in future therapeutic and diagnostic applications. LncRNAs have been less studied in these parasites, and their biological effects in the parasite–host interaction are largely unknown.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8173microRNAlong non-coding RNAcarcinogenic parasitecancerhelminthsinfections |
| spellingShingle | Ana Gabriela Leija-Montoya Javier González-Ramírez Gustavo Martínez-Coronilla María Esther Mejía-León Mario Isiordia-Espinoza Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortez Viviana Pitones-Rubio Nicolas Serafín-Higuera Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis International Journal of Molecular Sciences microRNA long non-coding RNA carcinogenic parasite cancer helminths infections |
| title | Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis |
| title_full | Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis |
| title_short | Roles of microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs Encoded by Parasitic Helminths in Human Carcinogenesis |
| title_sort | roles of micrornas and long non coding rnas encoded by parasitic helminths in human carcinogenesis |
| topic | microRNA long non-coding RNA carcinogenic parasite cancer helminths infections |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8173 |
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