Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants
Bioluminescent bacteria whole-cell biosensors (WCBs) have been widely used in a range of sensing applications in environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. However, most of them use planktonic bacteria cells that require complicated signal measurement processes and therefore limit the portabi...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5486 |
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| author | Junning Ma Dorin Harpaz Yang Liu Evgeni Eltzov |
| author_facet | Junning Ma Dorin Harpaz Yang Liu Evgeni Eltzov |
| author_sort | Junning Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bioluminescent bacteria whole-cell biosensors (WCBs) have been widely used in a range of sensing applications in environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. However, most of them use planktonic bacteria cells that require complicated signal measurement processes and therefore limit the portability of the biosensor device. In this study, a simple and low-cost immobilization method was examined. The bioluminescent bioreporter bacteria was absorbed on a filter membrane disk. Further optimization of the immobilization process was conducted by comparing different surface materials (polyester and parafilm) or by adding glucose and ampicillin. The filter membrane disks with immobilized bacteria cells were stored at −20 °C for three weeks without a compromise in the stability of its biosensing functionality for water toxicants monitoring. Also, the bacterial immobilized disks were integrated with smartphones-based signal detection. Then, they were exposed to water samples with ethanol, chloroform, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, as common toxicants. The sensitivity of the smartphone-based WCB for the detection of ethanol, chloroform, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was 1% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), 0.02% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), and 0.0006% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), respectively. To conclude, this bacterial immobilization approach demonstrated higher sensitivity, portability, and improved storability than the planktonic counterpart. The developed smartphone-based WCB establishes a model for future applications in the detection of environmental water toxicants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:03:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77bc02a63d654e43a9198a9c136f22e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:03:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-77bc02a63d654e43a9198a9c136f22e22023-11-20T15:02:32ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202020-09-012019548610.3390/s20195486Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water ToxicantsJunning Ma0Dorin Harpaz1Yang Liu2Evgeni Eltzov3Department of Postharvest Science, Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, the Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, IsraelDepartment of Postharvest Science, Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, the Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, IsraelKey Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Postharvest Science, Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, the Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, IsraelBioluminescent bacteria whole-cell biosensors (WCBs) have been widely used in a range of sensing applications in environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. However, most of them use planktonic bacteria cells that require complicated signal measurement processes and therefore limit the portability of the biosensor device. In this study, a simple and low-cost immobilization method was examined. The bioluminescent bioreporter bacteria was absorbed on a filter membrane disk. Further optimization of the immobilization process was conducted by comparing different surface materials (polyester and parafilm) or by adding glucose and ampicillin. The filter membrane disks with immobilized bacteria cells were stored at −20 °C for three weeks without a compromise in the stability of its biosensing functionality for water toxicants monitoring. Also, the bacterial immobilized disks were integrated with smartphones-based signal detection. Then, they were exposed to water samples with ethanol, chloroform, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, as common toxicants. The sensitivity of the smartphone-based WCB for the detection of ethanol, chloroform, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was 1% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), 0.02% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), and 0.0006% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>), respectively. To conclude, this bacterial immobilization approach demonstrated higher sensitivity, portability, and improved storability than the planktonic counterpart. The developed smartphone-based WCB establishes a model for future applications in the detection of environmental water toxicants.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5486bioluminescent bioreporter bacteriawhole-cell biosensorsmartphone signal detectionfilter membrane immobilizationon-site detectionenvironmental water toxicants |
| spellingShingle | Junning Ma Dorin Harpaz Yang Liu Evgeni Eltzov Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants Sensors bioluminescent bioreporter bacteria whole-cell biosensor smartphone signal detection filter membrane immobilization on-site detection environmental water toxicants |
| title | Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants |
| title_full | Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants |
| title_fullStr | Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants |
| title_short | Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Biosensor Platform Utilizing an Immobilization Approach on a Filter Membrane Disk for the Monitoring of Water Toxicants |
| title_sort | smartphone based whole cell biosensor platform utilizing an immobilization approach on a filter membrane disk for the monitoring of water toxicants |
| topic | bioluminescent bioreporter bacteria whole-cell biosensor smartphone signal detection filter membrane immobilization on-site detection environmental water toxicants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/19/5486 |
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