Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity
Abstract Nowadays, obesity is one of the largest public health problems worldwide. In the last few decades, there has been a marked increase in the obesity epidemic and its related comorbidities. Worldwide, more than 2.2 billion people (33%) are affected by overweight or obesity (712 million, 10%) a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-022-00947-1 |
| _version_ | 1828094212915068928 |
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| author | Feng-Yao Wu Rui-Xing Yin |
| author_facet | Feng-Yao Wu Rui-Xing Yin |
| author_sort | Feng-Yao Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Nowadays, obesity is one of the largest public health problems worldwide. In the last few decades, there has been a marked increase in the obesity epidemic and its related comorbidities. Worldwide, more than 2.2 billion people (33%) are affected by overweight or obesity (712 million, 10%) and its associated metabolic complications. Although a high heritability of obesity has been estimated, the genetic variants conducted from genetic association studies only partially explain the variation of body mass index. This has led to a growing interest in understanding the potential role of epigenetics as a key regulator of gene-environment interactions on the development of obesity and its associated complications. Rapid advances in epigenetic research methods and reduced costs of epigenome-wide association studies have led to a great expansion of population-based studies. The field of epigenetics and metabolic diseases such as obesity has advanced rapidly in a short period of time. The main epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNA (miRNA)-mediated regulation and so on. DNA methylation is the most investigated epigenetic mechanism. Preliminary evidence from animal and human studies supports the effect of epigenetics on obesity. Studies of epigenome-wide association studies and genome-wide histone modifications from different biological specimens such as blood samples (newborn, children, adolescent, youth, woman, man, twin, race, and meta-analysis), adipose tissues, skeletal muscle cells, placenta, and saliva have reported the differential expression status of multiple genes before and after obesity interventions and have identified multiple candidate genes and biological markers. These findings may improve the understanding of the complex etiology of obesity and its related comorbidities, and help to predict an individual’s risk of obesity at a young age and open possibilities for introducing targeted prevention and treatment strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:56:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77bca4d4ccec472bba445d4820f218d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1758-5996 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T06:56:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome |
| spelling | doaj.art-77bca4d4ccec472bba445d4820f218d92022-12-22T04:39:01ZengBMCDiabetology & Metabolic Syndrome1758-59962022-11-0114113010.1186/s13098-022-00947-1Recent progress in epigenetics of obesityFeng-Yao Wu0Rui-Xing Yin1Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Nanning (The Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning), Guangxi Medical UniversityDepartment of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Infectious Disease Hospital of Nanning (The Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning), Guangxi Medical UniversityAbstract Nowadays, obesity is one of the largest public health problems worldwide. In the last few decades, there has been a marked increase in the obesity epidemic and its related comorbidities. Worldwide, more than 2.2 billion people (33%) are affected by overweight or obesity (712 million, 10%) and its associated metabolic complications. Although a high heritability of obesity has been estimated, the genetic variants conducted from genetic association studies only partially explain the variation of body mass index. This has led to a growing interest in understanding the potential role of epigenetics as a key regulator of gene-environment interactions on the development of obesity and its associated complications. Rapid advances in epigenetic research methods and reduced costs of epigenome-wide association studies have led to a great expansion of population-based studies. The field of epigenetics and metabolic diseases such as obesity has advanced rapidly in a short period of time. The main epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNA (miRNA)-mediated regulation and so on. DNA methylation is the most investigated epigenetic mechanism. Preliminary evidence from animal and human studies supports the effect of epigenetics on obesity. Studies of epigenome-wide association studies and genome-wide histone modifications from different biological specimens such as blood samples (newborn, children, adolescent, youth, woman, man, twin, race, and meta-analysis), adipose tissues, skeletal muscle cells, placenta, and saliva have reported the differential expression status of multiple genes before and after obesity interventions and have identified multiple candidate genes and biological markers. These findings may improve the understanding of the complex etiology of obesity and its related comorbidities, and help to predict an individual’s risk of obesity at a young age and open possibilities for introducing targeted prevention and treatment strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-022-00947-1ObesityEpigeneticsDNA methylationHistone modificationmiRNA |
| spellingShingle | Feng-Yao Wu Rui-Xing Yin Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome Obesity Epigenetics DNA methylation Histone modification miRNA |
| title | Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity |
| title_full | Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity |
| title_fullStr | Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity |
| title_short | Recent progress in epigenetics of obesity |
| title_sort | recent progress in epigenetics of obesity |
| topic | Obesity Epigenetics DNA methylation Histone modification miRNA |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-022-00947-1 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fengyaowu recentprogressinepigeneticsofobesity AT ruixingyin recentprogressinepigeneticsofobesity |