Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation
In this study, three coagulants (ferromagnetite (F), alum (A), and eggshells (E)) and their hybrids (FA, FE, and FEA) were investigated as possible cost-effective coagulants for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) was...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/3/698 |
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| author | Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya Sudesh Rathilal Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh |
| author_facet | Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya Sudesh Rathilal Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh |
| author_sort | Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, three coagulants (ferromagnetite (F), alum (A), and eggshells (E)) and their hybrids (FA, FE, and FEA) were investigated as possible cost-effective coagulants for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used to characterize the morphological and elemental compositions of the coagulants. The effects of coagulant dosage (10–60 mg/L) and settling time were investigated for the removal of turbidity, color, and total suspended solids. A jar tester (JTL6) operating at conditions of 150 rpm for 2 min (rapid mixing) and 30 rpm for 15 min (slow mixing) was employed. Results from the characterized supernatant showed about 80% removal of the contaminants. The prospects of F were proven to be the most effective as compared to the binary (FA > FE) and the ternary hybridized (FEA) coagulants. At an optimum dosage and settling time of 20 mg/L and 30 min, respectively, the treatability performance of F was clearly proven to be viable for wastewater treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:21:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77bf624ce8cb41ddaa5ccc579727e7ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:21:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-77bf624ce8cb41ddaa5ccc579727e7ca2023-12-03T15:08:47ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-01-0126369810.3390/molecules26030698Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant EvaluationNomthandazo Precious Sibiya0Sudesh Rathilal1Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh2Green Engineering and Sustainability Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South AfricaGreen Engineering and Sustainability Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South AfricaGreen Engineering and Sustainability Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South AfricaIn this study, three coagulants (ferromagnetite (F), alum (A), and eggshells (E)) and their hybrids (FA, FE, and FEA) were investigated as possible cost-effective coagulants for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used to characterize the morphological and elemental compositions of the coagulants. The effects of coagulant dosage (10–60 mg/L) and settling time were investigated for the removal of turbidity, color, and total suspended solids. A jar tester (JTL6) operating at conditions of 150 rpm for 2 min (rapid mixing) and 30 rpm for 15 min (slow mixing) was employed. Results from the characterized supernatant showed about 80% removal of the contaminants. The prospects of F were proven to be the most effective as compared to the binary (FA > FE) and the ternary hybridized (FEA) coagulants. At an optimum dosage and settling time of 20 mg/L and 30 min, respectively, the treatability performance of F was clearly proven to be viable for wastewater treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/3/698alumeggshellscoagulation kineticsferromagnetitemagnetic coagulantsnanomaterials |
| spellingShingle | Nomthandazo Precious Sibiya Sudesh Rathilal Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation Molecules alum eggshells coagulation kinetics ferromagnetite magnetic coagulants nanomaterials |
| title | Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation |
| title_full | Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation |
| title_short | Coagulation Treatment of Wastewater: Kinetics and Natural Coagulant Evaluation |
| title_sort | coagulation treatment of wastewater kinetics and natural coagulant evaluation |
| topic | alum eggshells coagulation kinetics ferromagnetite magnetic coagulants nanomaterials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/3/698 |
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