Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>)
Clinical studies have confirmed that <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones (GTFs) have good anti-hepatic injury, but whether they have a good protective effect on anti-hepatic injury activity induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus<...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1648 |
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| author | Jinliang Du Liping Cao Jiancao Gao Rui Jia Haojun Zhu Zhijuan Nie Bingwen Xi Guojun Yin Yuzhong Ma Gangchun Xu |
| author_facet | Jinliang Du Liping Cao Jiancao Gao Rui Jia Haojun Zhu Zhijuan Nie Bingwen Xi Guojun Yin Yuzhong Ma Gangchun Xu |
| author_sort | Jinliang Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Clinical studies have confirmed that <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones (GTFs) have good anti-hepatic injury, but whether they have a good protective effect on anti-hepatic injury activity induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones on liver injury induced by <i>S. agalactiae</i> (SA) and its underlying mechanism in fish. A total of 150 tilapia were randomly divided into five groups, each with three replicates containing 10 fish: normal control group, <i>S. agalactiae</i> infection group, and three <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavone treatment groups (addition of 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 g of GTF to 1 kg of feed). The normal control group was only fed with basic diet, after 60 d of feeding, and intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline (0.05 mL/10 g body weight); the <i>S. agalactiae</i> infection group was fed with basic diet, and the <i>S. agalactiae</i> solution was intraperitoneally injected after 60 d of feeding (0.05 mL/10 g body weight); the three GTF treatment groups were fed with a diet containing 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg of GTF, and the <i>S. agalactiae</i> solution was intraperitoneally injected after 60 d of feeding (0.05 mL/10 g body weight). After 48 h injection, blood and liver tissues were collected to measure biochemical parameters and mRNA levels to evaluate the liver protection of GTFs. Compared with the control group, the serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and glucose (GLU) in the streptococcal infection group increased significantly, while the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) decreased significantly; observations of pathological sections showed obvious damage to the liver tissue structure in response to streptococcal infection. <i>S. agalactiae</i> can also cause fatty liver injury, affecting the function of fatty acid β-oxidation and biosynthesis in the liver of tilapia, and also causing damage to function of the immune system. The addition of GTFs to the diet could improve oxidative stress injury caused by <i>S. agalactiae</i> in tilapia liver tissue to different degrees, promote the β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver, accelerate the lipid metabolism in the liver, and repair the damaged liver tissue. GTFs have a good protective effect on liver injury caused by streptococcus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:31:18Z |
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| id | doaj.art-77e09f3ecc854a4b9a45aaf3d343c249 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:31:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-77e09f3ecc854a4b9a45aaf3d343c2492023-11-24T07:31:14ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-11-011111164810.3390/antibiotics11111648Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>)Jinliang Du0Liping Cao1Jiancao Gao2Rui Jia3Haojun Zhu4Zhijuan Nie5Bingwen Xi6Guojun Yin7Yuzhong Ma8Gangchun Xu9Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, ChinaClinical studies have confirmed that <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones (GTFs) have good anti-hepatic injury, but whether they have a good protective effect on anti-hepatic injury activity induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones on liver injury induced by <i>S. agalactiae</i> (SA) and its underlying mechanism in fish. A total of 150 tilapia were randomly divided into five groups, each with three replicates containing 10 fish: normal control group, <i>S. agalactiae</i> infection group, and three <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavone treatment groups (addition of 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 g of GTF to 1 kg of feed). The normal control group was only fed with basic diet, after 60 d of feeding, and intraperitoneal injection of the same volume of normal saline (0.05 mL/10 g body weight); the <i>S. agalactiae</i> infection group was fed with basic diet, and the <i>S. agalactiae</i> solution was intraperitoneally injected after 60 d of feeding (0.05 mL/10 g body weight); the three GTF treatment groups were fed with a diet containing 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg of GTF, and the <i>S. agalactiae</i> solution was intraperitoneally injected after 60 d of feeding (0.05 mL/10 g body weight). After 48 h injection, blood and liver tissues were collected to measure biochemical parameters and mRNA levels to evaluate the liver protection of GTFs. Compared with the control group, the serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and glucose (GLU) in the streptococcal infection group increased significantly, while the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) decreased significantly; observations of pathological sections showed obvious damage to the liver tissue structure in response to streptococcal infection. <i>S. agalactiae</i> can also cause fatty liver injury, affecting the function of fatty acid β-oxidation and biosynthesis in the liver of tilapia, and also causing damage to function of the immune system. The addition of GTFs to the diet could improve oxidative stress injury caused by <i>S. agalactiae</i> in tilapia liver tissue to different degrees, promote the β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver, accelerate the lipid metabolism in the liver, and repair the damaged liver tissue. GTFs have a good protective effect on liver injury caused by streptococcus.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1648<i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones<i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>tilapiaoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Jinliang Du Liping Cao Jiancao Gao Rui Jia Haojun Zhu Zhijuan Nie Bingwen Xi Guojun Yin Yuzhong Ma Gangchun Xu Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Antibiotics <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> tilapia oxidative stress |
| title | Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) |
| title_full | Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) |
| title_short | Protective Effects of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> Total Flavones on Liver Injury Induced by <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) |
| title_sort | protective effects of i glycyrrhiza i total flavones on liver injury induced by i streptococcus agalactiae i in tilapia i oreochromis niloticus i |
| topic | <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> total flavones <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> tilapia oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1648 |
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