Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups
Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and people with these conditions have frontostriatal functional atypicality during motor inhibition. We compared the neural and neurocognitive correlates of motor inhibition and performance m...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Translational Psychiatry |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-023-02431-4 |
| _version_ | 1827961106955501568 |
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| author | Steve Lukito Owen G. O’Daly David J. Lythgoe John Hodsoll Stefanos Maltezos Mark Pitts Emily Simonoff Katya Rubia |
| author_facet | Steve Lukito Owen G. O’Daly David J. Lythgoe John Hodsoll Stefanos Maltezos Mark Pitts Emily Simonoff Katya Rubia |
| author_sort | Steve Lukito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and people with these conditions have frontostriatal functional atypicality during motor inhibition. We compared the neural and neurocognitive correlates of motor inhibition and performance monitoring in young adult males with “pure” and combined presentations with age-and sex-matched typically developing controls, to explore shared or disorder-specific atypicality. Males aged 20–27 years with typical development (TD; n = 22), ASD (n = 21), combined diagnoses ASD + ADHD (n = 23), and ADHD (n = 25) were compared using a modified tracking fMRI stop-signal task that measures motor inhibition and performance monitoring while controlling for selective attention. In addition, they performed a behavioural go/no-go task outside the scanner. While groups did not differ behaviourally during successful stop trials, the ASD + ADHD group relative to other groups had underactivation in typical performance monitoring regions of bilateral anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus, right posterior thalamus, and right middle temporal gyrus/hippocampus during failed inhibition, which was associated with increased stop-signal reaction time. In the behavioural go/no-go task, both ADHD groups, with and without ASD, had significantly lower motor inhibition performance compared to TD controls. In conclusion, only young adult males with ASD + ADHD had neurofunctional atypicality in brain regions associated with performance monitoring, while inhibition difficulties on go/no-go task performance was shared with ADHD. The suggests that young people with ASD + ADHD are most severely impaired during motor inhibition tasks compared to ASD and ADHD but do not reflect a combination of the difficulties associated with the pure disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:20:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77e6e0034bca425a8bc75d54bab2f970 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2158-3188 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:20:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Translational Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-77e6e0034bca425a8bc75d54bab2f9702023-04-23T11:29:05ZengNature Publishing GroupTranslational Psychiatry2158-31882023-04-011311910.1038/s41398-023-02431-4Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groupsSteve Lukito0Owen G. O’Daly1David J. Lythgoe2John Hodsoll3Stefanos Maltezos4Mark Pitts5Emily Simonoff6Katya Rubia7Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceDepartment of Neuroimaging, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceDepartment of Neuroimaging, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceDepartment of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceThe Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism National Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS TrustThe Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism National Service, Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS TrustDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceAbstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and people with these conditions have frontostriatal functional atypicality during motor inhibition. We compared the neural and neurocognitive correlates of motor inhibition and performance monitoring in young adult males with “pure” and combined presentations with age-and sex-matched typically developing controls, to explore shared or disorder-specific atypicality. Males aged 20–27 years with typical development (TD; n = 22), ASD (n = 21), combined diagnoses ASD + ADHD (n = 23), and ADHD (n = 25) were compared using a modified tracking fMRI stop-signal task that measures motor inhibition and performance monitoring while controlling for selective attention. In addition, they performed a behavioural go/no-go task outside the scanner. While groups did not differ behaviourally during successful stop trials, the ASD + ADHD group relative to other groups had underactivation in typical performance monitoring regions of bilateral anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus, right posterior thalamus, and right middle temporal gyrus/hippocampus during failed inhibition, which was associated with increased stop-signal reaction time. In the behavioural go/no-go task, both ADHD groups, with and without ASD, had significantly lower motor inhibition performance compared to TD controls. In conclusion, only young adult males with ASD + ADHD had neurofunctional atypicality in brain regions associated with performance monitoring, while inhibition difficulties on go/no-go task performance was shared with ADHD. The suggests that young people with ASD + ADHD are most severely impaired during motor inhibition tasks compared to ASD and ADHD but do not reflect a combination of the difficulties associated with the pure disorders.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-023-02431-4 |
| spellingShingle | Steve Lukito Owen G. O’Daly David J. Lythgoe John Hodsoll Stefanos Maltezos Mark Pitts Emily Simonoff Katya Rubia Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups Translational Psychiatry |
| title | Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups |
| title_full | Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups |
| title_fullStr | Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups |
| title_short | Reduced inferior fronto-insular-thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined ASD and ADHD compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups |
| title_sort | reduced inferior fronto insular thalamic activation during failed inhibition in young adults with combined asd and adhd compared to typically developing and pure disorder groups |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-023-02431-4 |
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