Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland
This study aimed at assessing the activity concentration and the annual effective dose of polonium-210 (<sup>210</sup>Po) in fruit wines derived from four locations in Poland (Warmian–Masurian, Podlaskie, Lubelskie and Małopolskie voivodeships). The fruit wines differed significantly (&l...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/438 |
| _version_ | 1797431355132346368 |
|---|---|
| author | Paweł Rudnicki-Velasquez Alicja Boryło Marcin Kaczor Jarosław Wieczorek Jarosława Rutkowska |
| author_facet | Paweł Rudnicki-Velasquez Alicja Boryło Marcin Kaczor Jarosław Wieczorek Jarosława Rutkowska |
| author_sort | Paweł Rudnicki-Velasquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed at assessing the activity concentration and the annual effective dose of polonium-210 (<sup>210</sup>Po) in fruit wines derived from four locations in Poland (Warmian–Masurian, Podlaskie, Lubelskie and Małopolskie voivodeships). The fruit wines differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in <sup>210</sup>Po activity depending on the production site, with the Małopolskie site having the highest activity (61.4–221.4 mBq/L) and the Podlaskie having the lowest (3.5–97.1 mBq/L). The site differentiation was due to environmental conditions—soil parameters (uranium concentration), precipitations and terrain characteristics, e.g., the proximity of the lakes. The increased activity concentration of <sup>210</sup>Po in samples from Małopolska compared with the other sites probably derived from the environment polluted with aqueous wastes and particulate air pollution. The annual effective dose due to the ingestion of fruit wines ranged from 0.112 to 1.214 µSv/year. These levels of exposure are safe according to the WHO criterion (0.1 mSv per year for ingestion) and to the IAEA reference level for public exposure including food (1 mSv per year). Summing up, the data obtained provide information on the activity concentration of <sup>210</sup>Po in fruit wines and increase databases on the natural radioactivity of foodstuffs. Future work is needed to examine <sup>210</sup>Po activity in samples from all vineyard regions in Poland. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77e73c8eaf294c679cd52b8ec3dcd940 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-77e73c8eaf294c679cd52b8ec3dcd9402023-12-02T00:43:19ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128143810.3390/molecules28010438Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in PolandPaweł Rudnicki-Velasquez0Alicja Boryło1Marcin Kaczor2Jarosław Wieczorek3Jarosława Rutkowska4Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza Str. 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza Str. 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza Str. 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, PolandInstitute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, PolandThis study aimed at assessing the activity concentration and the annual effective dose of polonium-210 (<sup>210</sup>Po) in fruit wines derived from four locations in Poland (Warmian–Masurian, Podlaskie, Lubelskie and Małopolskie voivodeships). The fruit wines differed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in <sup>210</sup>Po activity depending on the production site, with the Małopolskie site having the highest activity (61.4–221.4 mBq/L) and the Podlaskie having the lowest (3.5–97.1 mBq/L). The site differentiation was due to environmental conditions—soil parameters (uranium concentration), precipitations and terrain characteristics, e.g., the proximity of the lakes. The increased activity concentration of <sup>210</sup>Po in samples from Małopolska compared with the other sites probably derived from the environment polluted with aqueous wastes and particulate air pollution. The annual effective dose due to the ingestion of fruit wines ranged from 0.112 to 1.214 µSv/year. These levels of exposure are safe according to the WHO criterion (0.1 mSv per year for ingestion) and to the IAEA reference level for public exposure including food (1 mSv per year). Summing up, the data obtained provide information on the activity concentration of <sup>210</sup>Po in fruit wines and increase databases on the natural radioactivity of foodstuffs. Future work is needed to examine <sup>210</sup>Po activity in samples from all vineyard regions in Poland.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/438polonium-210fruit winesannual effective doseradioactivitygeographic provenance |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Rudnicki-Velasquez Alicja Boryło Marcin Kaczor Jarosław Wieczorek Jarosława Rutkowska Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland Molecules polonium-210 fruit wines annual effective dose radioactivity geographic provenance |
| title | Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland |
| title_full | Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland |
| title_fullStr | Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland |
| title_short | Study of Polonium (<sup>210</sup>Po) Activity Concentration in Fruit Wines Derived from Different Locations in Poland |
| title_sort | study of polonium sup 210 sup po activity concentration in fruit wines derived from different locations in poland |
| topic | polonium-210 fruit wines annual effective dose radioactivity geographic provenance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/438 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pawełrudnickivelasquez studyofpoloniumsup210suppoactivityconcentrationinfruitwinesderivedfromdifferentlocationsinpoland AT alicjaboryło studyofpoloniumsup210suppoactivityconcentrationinfruitwinesderivedfromdifferentlocationsinpoland AT marcinkaczor studyofpoloniumsup210suppoactivityconcentrationinfruitwinesderivedfromdifferentlocationsinpoland AT jarosławwieczorek studyofpoloniumsup210suppoactivityconcentrationinfruitwinesderivedfromdifferentlocationsinpoland AT jarosławarutkowska studyofpoloniumsup210suppoactivityconcentrationinfruitwinesderivedfromdifferentlocationsinpoland |