The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle
Ion-driven magnetic nozzles (Ti > Te) are designed as intrinsic parts of cutting-edge propulsive technologies such as variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rockets (VASIMRs) and applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters. Employing a two-dimensional axisymmetric particle-in-cell (PIC) code, i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Propulsion and Power Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212540X22000803 |
| _version_ | 1827833228122128384 |
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| author | Zhiyuan Chen Yibai Wang Haibin Tang Junxue Ren Min Li Peng Wu Jinbin Cao |
| author_facet | Zhiyuan Chen Yibai Wang Haibin Tang Junxue Ren Min Li Peng Wu Jinbin Cao |
| author_sort | Zhiyuan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ion-driven magnetic nozzles (Ti > Te) are designed as intrinsic parts of cutting-edge propulsive technologies such as variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rockets (VASIMRs) and applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters. Employing a two-dimensional axisymmetric particle-in-cell (PIC) code, in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle, the compositions and distributions of azimuthal currents in different axial regions are investigated under various inlet ion temperatures Ti0 and found to differ dramatically from that in the electron-driven magnetic nozzles. Previously reported to be all paramagnetic and vanishing under a high magnetic field, the azimuthal currents resulting from the E × B drift are shown to turn diamagnetic and sustain a considerable magnitude when Ti0 is considered. The previously reported profile of diamagnetic drift current is altered by the introduction of inlet ion temperature, and the paramagnetic part is significantly suppressed. Moreover, a wide range of paramagnetic currents appear downstream due to the inward detachment of ions, which can also be reduced by increasing inlet ion temperature. Albeit considered in this paper, the azimuthal currents resulting from grad-B and curvature drift are still negligible in all cases of interest. The magnitude of diamagnetic azimuthal currents increases with amplifying Ti0, indicating a clear physical image of energy transformation from ion thermal energy to the directed kinetic energy through electromagnetic processes in the magnetic nozzle. Additionally, the magnetic inductive strength also has noticeable impacts on the azimuthal currents, the current magnitude tends to decrease as the magnetic field increases, and over-increment of it may result in larger divergence angles and lower nozzle efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:25:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77eae0fc7254406282df3961878d7df4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-540X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:25:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Propulsion and Power Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-77eae0fc7254406282df3961878d7df42023-09-03T07:23:47ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Propulsion and Power Research2212-540X2022-12-01114457472The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzleZhiyuan Chen0Yibai Wang1Haibin Tang2Junxue Ren3Min Li4Peng Wu5Jinbin Cao6School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, ChinaSchool of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, ChinaSchool of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China; Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 102206, China; Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, 102206, China; Corresponding author.School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, ChinaInnovation Academy of Microsatellites, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, ChinaSchool of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, ChinaIon-driven magnetic nozzles (Ti > Te) are designed as intrinsic parts of cutting-edge propulsive technologies such as variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rockets (VASIMRs) and applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters. Employing a two-dimensional axisymmetric particle-in-cell (PIC) code, in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle, the compositions and distributions of azimuthal currents in different axial regions are investigated under various inlet ion temperatures Ti0 and found to differ dramatically from that in the electron-driven magnetic nozzles. Previously reported to be all paramagnetic and vanishing under a high magnetic field, the azimuthal currents resulting from the E × B drift are shown to turn diamagnetic and sustain a considerable magnitude when Ti0 is considered. The previously reported profile of diamagnetic drift current is altered by the introduction of inlet ion temperature, and the paramagnetic part is significantly suppressed. Moreover, a wide range of paramagnetic currents appear downstream due to the inward detachment of ions, which can also be reduced by increasing inlet ion temperature. Albeit considered in this paper, the azimuthal currents resulting from grad-B and curvature drift are still negligible in all cases of interest. The magnitude of diamagnetic azimuthal currents increases with amplifying Ti0, indicating a clear physical image of energy transformation from ion thermal energy to the directed kinetic energy through electromagnetic processes in the magnetic nozzle. Additionally, the magnetic inductive strength also has noticeable impacts on the azimuthal currents, the current magnitude tends to decrease as the magnetic field increases, and over-increment of it may result in larger divergence angles and lower nozzle efficiency.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212540X22000803Magnetic nozzleAzimuthal currentIon temperatureElectric propulsion |
| spellingShingle | Zhiyuan Chen Yibai Wang Haibin Tang Junxue Ren Min Li Peng Wu Jinbin Cao The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle Propulsion and Power Research Magnetic nozzle Azimuthal current Ion temperature Electric propulsion |
| title | The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle |
| title_full | The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle |
| title_fullStr | The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle |
| title_full_unstemmed | The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle |
| title_short | The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle |
| title_sort | azimuthal currents in the ion driven magnetic nozzle |
| topic | Magnetic nozzle Azimuthal current Ion temperature Electric propulsion |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212540X22000803 |
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