Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis
The dietary recommendation encourages reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) in diet and replacing them with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n–3 (omega–3) and n–6 (omega–6) to decrease the risk of metabolic disturbances. Consequently, excessive n–6 PUFAs content and high n–6/n–3 ratio are found in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/13/6965 |
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| author | Kamila P. Liput Adam Lepczyński Magdalena Ogłuszka Agata Nawrocka Ewa Poławska Agata Grzesiak Brygida Ślaska Chandra S. Pareek Urszula Czarnik Mariusz Pierzchała |
| author_facet | Kamila P. Liput Adam Lepczyński Magdalena Ogłuszka Agata Nawrocka Ewa Poławska Agata Grzesiak Brygida Ślaska Chandra S. Pareek Urszula Czarnik Mariusz Pierzchała |
| author_sort | Kamila P. Liput |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The dietary recommendation encourages reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) in diet and replacing them with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n–3 (omega–3) and n–6 (omega–6) to decrease the risk of metabolic disturbances. Consequently, excessive n–6 PUFAs content and high n–6/n–3 ratio are found in Western-type diet. The importance of a dietary n–6/n–3 ratio to prevent chronic diseases is linked with anti-inflammatory functions of linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n–3) and longer-chain n–3 PUFAs. Thus, this review provides an overview of the role of oxylipins derived from n–3 PUFAs and oxylipins formed from n–6 PUFAs on inflammation. Evidence of PUFAs’ role in carcinogenesis was also discussed. In vitro studies, animal cancer models and epidemiological studies demonstrate that these two PUFA groups have different effects on the cell growth, proliferation and progression of neoplastic lesions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:59:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77eb30d2ee7d4ef8ae9b5bba674b7faa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:59:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-77eb30d2ee7d4ef8ae9b5bba674b7faa2023-11-22T02:04:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-06-012213696510.3390/ijms22136965Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and CancerogenesisKamila P. Liput0Adam Lepczyński1Magdalena Ogłuszka2Agata Nawrocka3Ewa Poławska4Agata Grzesiak5Brygida Ślaska6Chandra S. Pareek7Urszula Czarnik8Mariusz Pierzchała9Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, PolandDepartment of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. K. Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, PolandDepartment of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, PolandDepartment of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, PolandDepartment of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, ul. K. Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, PolandInstitute of Biological Bases of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. J. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, PolandDepartment of Pig Breeding, Faculty of Animal Bio-Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. M. Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, PolandDepartment of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, PolandThe dietary recommendation encourages reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) in diet and replacing them with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n–3 (omega–3) and n–6 (omega–6) to decrease the risk of metabolic disturbances. Consequently, excessive n–6 PUFAs content and high n–6/n–3 ratio are found in Western-type diet. The importance of a dietary n–6/n–3 ratio to prevent chronic diseases is linked with anti-inflammatory functions of linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n–3) and longer-chain n–3 PUFAs. Thus, this review provides an overview of the role of oxylipins derived from n–3 PUFAs and oxylipins formed from n–6 PUFAs on inflammation. Evidence of PUFAs’ role in carcinogenesis was also discussed. In vitro studies, animal cancer models and epidemiological studies demonstrate that these two PUFA groups have different effects on the cell growth, proliferation and progression of neoplastic lesions.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/13/6965PUFAomega-3 fatty acidsomega-6 fatty acidsoxylipinsinflammationcancerogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Kamila P. Liput Adam Lepczyński Magdalena Ogłuszka Agata Nawrocka Ewa Poławska Agata Grzesiak Brygida Ślaska Chandra S. Pareek Urszula Czarnik Mariusz Pierzchała Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis International Journal of Molecular Sciences PUFA omega-3 fatty acids omega-6 fatty acids oxylipins inflammation cancerogenesis |
| title | Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis |
| title_full | Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis |
| title_short | Effects of Dietary n–3 and n–6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancerogenesis |
| title_sort | effects of dietary n 3 and n 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in inflammation and cancerogenesis |
| topic | PUFA omega-3 fatty acids omega-6 fatty acids oxylipins inflammation cancerogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/13/6965 |
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