Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches
Inflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus, tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote pro-inflammato...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/8/2284 |
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| author | Michael Poledniczek Christoph Neumayer Christoph W. Kopp Oliver Schlager Thomas Gremmel Alicja Jozkowicz Michael E. Gschwandtner Renate Koppensteiner Patricia P. Wadowski |
| author_facet | Michael Poledniczek Christoph Neumayer Christoph W. Kopp Oliver Schlager Thomas Gremmel Alicja Jozkowicz Michael E. Gschwandtner Renate Koppensteiner Patricia P. Wadowski |
| author_sort | Michael Poledniczek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus, tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote pro-inflammatory pathways also contributing to pro-coagulability and a prothrombotic state. In addition, changes in the extracellular matrix composition lead to (peri-)vascular remodelling and alterations of the vessel wall, e.g., aneurysm formation. Moreover, progressive fibrosis leads to reduced tissue perfusion due to loss of functional capillaries. The present review aims at discussing the molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on the micro- and macrovasculature with a focus on peripheral artery disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:55:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-77f0328023d84b398cb872a57bfdca74 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:55:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-77f0328023d84b398cb872a57bfdca742023-12-01T01:42:00ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-08-01118228410.3390/biomedicines11082284Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic ApproachesMichael Poledniczek0Christoph Neumayer1Christoph W. Kopp2Oliver Schlager3Thomas Gremmel4Alicja Jozkowicz5Michael E. Gschwandtner6Renate Koppensteiner7Patricia P. Wadowski8Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Gänserndorf, 2130 Mistelbach, AustriaDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, PolandDivision of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaInflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus, tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote pro-inflammatory pathways also contributing to pro-coagulability and a prothrombotic state. In addition, changes in the extracellular matrix composition lead to (peri-)vascular remodelling and alterations of the vessel wall, e.g., aneurysm formation. Moreover, progressive fibrosis leads to reduced tissue perfusion due to loss of functional capillaries. The present review aims at discussing the molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on the micro- and macrovasculature with a focus on peripheral artery disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/8/2284atherosclerosisinflammationperipheral artery diseaseglycocalyxendothelial dysfunction |
| spellingShingle | Michael Poledniczek Christoph Neumayer Christoph W. Kopp Oliver Schlager Thomas Gremmel Alicja Jozkowicz Michael E. Gschwandtner Renate Koppensteiner Patricia P. Wadowski Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches Biomedicines atherosclerosis inflammation peripheral artery disease glycocalyx endothelial dysfunction |
| title | Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_full | Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_short | Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease—Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_sort | micro and macrovascular effects of inflammation in peripheral artery disease pathophysiology and translational therapeutic approaches |
| topic | atherosclerosis inflammation peripheral artery disease glycocalyx endothelial dysfunction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/8/2284 |
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