Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless
Differently from alpha- and betaherpesviruses affecting swine, interest in the recently discovered <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 3</i>, <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 4</i>, and <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 5</i>, also known as porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (PLHV-1, PLHV-2,...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/47 |
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| author | Giovanni Franzo Michele Drigo Matteo Legnardi Laura Grassi Maria Luisa Menandro Daniela Pasotto Mattia Cecchinato Claudia Maria Tucciarone |
| author_facet | Giovanni Franzo Michele Drigo Matteo Legnardi Laura Grassi Maria Luisa Menandro Daniela Pasotto Mattia Cecchinato Claudia Maria Tucciarone |
| author_sort | Giovanni Franzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Differently from alpha- and betaherpesviruses affecting swine, interest in the recently discovered <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 3</i>, <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 4</i>, and <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 5</i>, also known as porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3), has largely focused on their role as potential zoonotic agents in cases of xenotransplantation. However, their role as primary pathogens of swine or as co-factors for other lymphotropic infections has essentially been neglected. The present study aims at filling this gap, evaluating the association between PLHVs infection and different clinical conditions and/or porcine circovirus (PCV) co-infection. One hundred seventy-six samples were obtained from different animals located in a high-density pig area of Northern Italy in the period 2017–2020. The presence of PLHVs and PCVs was tested and quantified by specific real-time PCR: PLHVs were widespread among pigs (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3 prevalence was 28.97%, 10.79%, and 4.54%, respectively) and detected in all considered tissues and clinical conditions. Frequent co-infections were also observed among PLHVs and with PCVs, although a significant association was not detected with the exception of a positive interaction between PLHV-1 and PLHV-3, and a negative one between PLHV-2 and PCV-2. Significantly, no association between PLHVs, alone or in co-infection, emerged with any of the considered clinical signs, their frequency being comparable between healthy and diseased animals. Based on these pieces of evidence and despite their high prevalence, PLHVs’ relevance for the swine industry appears negligible, either as primary pathogens or as predisposing factors for circovirus-induced diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:43:13Z |
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| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:43:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-77fdaa6ade6b4137b1128630ef3086432023-12-03T12:23:02ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-01-011014710.3390/pathogens10010047Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but HarmlessGiovanni Franzo0Michele Drigo1Matteo Legnardi2Laura Grassi3Maria Luisa Menandro4Daniela Pasotto5Mattia Cecchinato6Claudia Maria Tucciarone7Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDepartment of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, 35020 Legnaro (PD), ItalyDifferently from alpha- and betaherpesviruses affecting swine, interest in the recently discovered <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 3</i>, <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 4</i>, and <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus 5</i>, also known as porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3), has largely focused on their role as potential zoonotic agents in cases of xenotransplantation. However, their role as primary pathogens of swine or as co-factors for other lymphotropic infections has essentially been neglected. The present study aims at filling this gap, evaluating the association between PLHVs infection and different clinical conditions and/or porcine circovirus (PCV) co-infection. One hundred seventy-six samples were obtained from different animals located in a high-density pig area of Northern Italy in the period 2017–2020. The presence of PLHVs and PCVs was tested and quantified by specific real-time PCR: PLHVs were widespread among pigs (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3 prevalence was 28.97%, 10.79%, and 4.54%, respectively) and detected in all considered tissues and clinical conditions. Frequent co-infections were also observed among PLHVs and with PCVs, although a significant association was not detected with the exception of a positive interaction between PLHV-1 and PLHV-3, and a negative one between PLHV-2 and PCV-2. Significantly, no association between PLHVs, alone or in co-infection, emerged with any of the considered clinical signs, their frequency being comparable between healthy and diseased animals. Based on these pieces of evidence and despite their high prevalence, PLHVs’ relevance for the swine industry appears negligible, either as primary pathogens or as predisposing factors for circovirus-induced diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/47<i>Suid gammaherpesvirus</i>PLHVmolecular epidemiologyItalyco-infectiondisease |
| spellingShingle | Giovanni Franzo Michele Drigo Matteo Legnardi Laura Grassi Maria Luisa Menandro Daniela Pasotto Mattia Cecchinato Claudia Maria Tucciarone Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless Pathogens <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus</i> PLHV molecular epidemiology Italy co-infection disease |
| title | Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless |
| title_full | Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless |
| title_fullStr | Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless |
| title_full_unstemmed | Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless |
| title_short | Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless |
| title_sort | porcine gammaherpesviruses in italian commercial swine population frequent but harmless |
| topic | <i>Suid gammaherpesvirus</i> PLHV molecular epidemiology Italy co-infection disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/47 |
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