Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea
Abstract Background Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial adaptive mechanism that enables organisms to modify their traits in response to changes in their environment. Predator-induced defenses are an example of phenotypic plasticity observed across a wide range of organisms, from single-celled organis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-023-09701-x |
| _version_ | 1797577957612453888 |
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| author | Tae-June Choi Seung-Min Han Adeel Malik Chang-Bae Kim |
| author_facet | Tae-June Choi Seung-Min Han Adeel Malik Chang-Bae Kim |
| author_sort | Tae-June Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial adaptive mechanism that enables organisms to modify their traits in response to changes in their environment. Predator-induced defenses are an example of phenotypic plasticity observed across a wide range of organisms, from single-celled organisms to vertebrates. In addition to morphology and behavior, these responses also affect life-history traits. The crustacean Daphnia galeata is a suitable model organism for studying predator-induced defenses, as it exhibits life-history traits changes under predation risk. To get a better overview of their phenotypic plasticity under predation stress, we conducted RNA sequencing on the transcriptomes of two Korean Daphnia galeata genotypes, KE1, and KB11, collected in the same environment. Results When exposed to fish kairomones, the two genotypes exhibited phenotypic variations related to reproduction and growth, with opposite patterns in growth-related phenotypic variation. From both genotypes, a total of 135,611 unigenes were analyzed, of which 194 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were shared among the two genotypes under predation stress, which showed consistent, or inconsistent expression patterns in both genotypes. Prominent DETs were related to digestion and reproduction and consistently up-regulated in both genotypes, thus associated with changes in life-history traits. Among the inconsistent DETs, transcripts encode vinculin (VINC) and protein obstructor-E (OBST-E), which are associated with growth; these may explain the differences in life-history traits between the two genotypes. In addition, genotype-specific DETs could explain the variation in growth-related life-history traits between genotypes, and could be associated with the increased body length of genotype KE1. Conclusions The current study allows for a better understanding of the adaptation mechanisms related to reproduction and growth of two Korean D. galeata genotypes induced by predation stress. However, further research is necessary to better understand the specific mechanisms by which the uncovered DETs are related with the observed phenotypic variation in each genotype. In the future, we aim to unravel the precise adaptive mechanisms underlying predator-induced responses. |
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| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:15:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7800706ac5a24b99a3e7490150d540202023-11-19T12:28:12ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642023-10-0124111710.1186/s12864-023-09701-xComparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, KoreaTae-June Choi0Seung-Min Han1Adeel Malik2Chang-Bae Kim3Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, Sangmyung UniversityInstitute of Intelligence Informatics Technology, Sangmyung UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, Sangmyung UniversityAbstract Background Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial adaptive mechanism that enables organisms to modify their traits in response to changes in their environment. Predator-induced defenses are an example of phenotypic plasticity observed across a wide range of organisms, from single-celled organisms to vertebrates. In addition to morphology and behavior, these responses also affect life-history traits. The crustacean Daphnia galeata is a suitable model organism for studying predator-induced defenses, as it exhibits life-history traits changes under predation risk. To get a better overview of their phenotypic plasticity under predation stress, we conducted RNA sequencing on the transcriptomes of two Korean Daphnia galeata genotypes, KE1, and KB11, collected in the same environment. Results When exposed to fish kairomones, the two genotypes exhibited phenotypic variations related to reproduction and growth, with opposite patterns in growth-related phenotypic variation. From both genotypes, a total of 135,611 unigenes were analyzed, of which 194 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were shared among the two genotypes under predation stress, which showed consistent, or inconsistent expression patterns in both genotypes. Prominent DETs were related to digestion and reproduction and consistently up-regulated in both genotypes, thus associated with changes in life-history traits. Among the inconsistent DETs, transcripts encode vinculin (VINC) and protein obstructor-E (OBST-E), which are associated with growth; these may explain the differences in life-history traits between the two genotypes. In addition, genotype-specific DETs could explain the variation in growth-related life-history traits between genotypes, and could be associated with the increased body length of genotype KE1. Conclusions The current study allows for a better understanding of the adaptation mechanisms related to reproduction and growth of two Korean D. galeata genotypes induced by predation stress. However, further research is necessary to better understand the specific mechanisms by which the uncovered DETs are related with the observed phenotypic variation in each genotype. In the future, we aim to unravel the precise adaptive mechanisms underlying predator-induced responses.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-023-09701-xPredator-induced responsePhenotypic plasticityTranscriptomeRNA-seqDaphnia galeata |
| spellingShingle | Tae-June Choi Seung-Min Han Adeel Malik Chang-Bae Kim Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea BMC Genomics Predator-induced response Phenotypic plasticity Transcriptome RNA-seq Daphnia galeata |
| title | Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea |
| title_full | Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea |
| title_fullStr | Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea |
| title_short | Comparative transcriptome analysis of two Daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the Han River, Korea |
| title_sort | comparative transcriptome analysis of two daphnia galeata genotypes displaying contrasting phenotypic variation induced by fish kairomones in the same environment of the han river korea |
| topic | Predator-induced response Phenotypic plasticity Transcriptome RNA-seq Daphnia galeata |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-023-09701-x |
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