Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales
Non-mechanical stimuli are used to directly control or program the friction properties of tribosystems. For this purpose, an ionic liquid is used as a lubricant that affects and controls the friction in the presence of external triggers. Here, it is shown that the friction behavior of two surfaces i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Lubricants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/11/9/376 |
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| author | Felix Joachim Gatti Wanhao Cai Richard Herzog Amirmasoud Gharavian Andreas Kailer Norman Baltes Peter Rabenecker Philipp Mörchel Bizan N. Balzer Tobias Amann Jürgen Rühe |
| author_facet | Felix Joachim Gatti Wanhao Cai Richard Herzog Amirmasoud Gharavian Andreas Kailer Norman Baltes Peter Rabenecker Philipp Mörchel Bizan N. Balzer Tobias Amann Jürgen Rühe |
| author_sort | Felix Joachim Gatti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-mechanical stimuli are used to directly control or program the friction properties of tribosystems. For this purpose, an ionic liquid is used as a lubricant that affects and controls the friction in the presence of external triggers. Here, it is shown that the friction behavior of two surfaces in sliding contact can be controlled and permanently changed by applying an electrical potential to an ionic liquid mixture (ILM). This change in the friction properties was demonstrated both at the nanoscale using an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based friction force microscopy (FFM) and at the macroscale using a specially designed tribo-setup cell. In tribology, the linking of these two scales of magnitude represents one of the greatest obstacles between basic research and the step towards application-oriented system development and is therefore of fundamental importance. In addition, other parameters affecting the tribological behavior of the system, such as roughness, lubricant film thickness, and wear behavior, were investigated as a function of the electrical potentials. The correlation between the structure of surface-bound ionic liquid layers and the friction behavior can be used to control friction, thus enabling a first step towards tribosystems that automatically adapt to changing conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:32:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7803aa36c183475dab4209b1b8f60592 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4442 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:32:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Lubricants |
| spelling | doaj.art-7803aa36c183475dab4209b1b8f605922023-11-19T11:39:38ZengMDPI AGLubricants2075-44422023-09-0111937610.3390/lubricants11090376Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and MacroscalesFelix Joachim Gatti0Wanhao Cai1Richard Herzog2Amirmasoud Gharavian3Andreas Kailer4Norman Baltes5Peter Rabenecker6Philipp Mörchel7Bizan N. Balzer8Tobias Amann9Jürgen Rühe10Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, MicroTribology Center μTC, Woehlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, GermanyInstitute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyInstitute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyInstitute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, MicroTribology Center μTC, Woehlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials CPM, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Programmable Materials CPM, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Physical Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, MicroTribology Center μTC, Woehlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, GermanyCluster of Excellence livMatS@FIT—Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyNon-mechanical stimuli are used to directly control or program the friction properties of tribosystems. For this purpose, an ionic liquid is used as a lubricant that affects and controls the friction in the presence of external triggers. Here, it is shown that the friction behavior of two surfaces in sliding contact can be controlled and permanently changed by applying an electrical potential to an ionic liquid mixture (ILM). This change in the friction properties was demonstrated both at the nanoscale using an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based friction force microscopy (FFM) and at the macroscale using a specially designed tribo-setup cell. In tribology, the linking of these two scales of magnitude represents one of the greatest obstacles between basic research and the step towards application-oriented system development and is therefore of fundamental importance. In addition, other parameters affecting the tribological behavior of the system, such as roughness, lubricant film thickness, and wear behavior, were investigated as a function of the electrical potentials. The correlation between the structure of surface-bound ionic liquid layers and the friction behavior can be used to control friction, thus enabling a first step towards tribosystems that automatically adapt to changing conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/11/9/376ionic liquidsprogrammable frictionpotential controlled frictionAFMfriction force microscopymacroscopic friction and wear |
| spellingShingle | Felix Joachim Gatti Wanhao Cai Richard Herzog Amirmasoud Gharavian Andreas Kailer Norman Baltes Peter Rabenecker Philipp Mörchel Bizan N. Balzer Tobias Amann Jürgen Rühe Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales Lubricants ionic liquids programmable friction potential controlled friction AFM friction force microscopy macroscopic friction and wear |
| title | Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales |
| title_full | Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales |
| title_short | Investigation of Programmable Friction with Ionic Liquid Mixtures at the Nano- and Macroscales |
| title_sort | investigation of programmable friction with ionic liquid mixtures at the nano and macroscales |
| topic | ionic liquids programmable friction potential controlled friction AFM friction force microscopy macroscopic friction and wear |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/11/9/376 |
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