The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study
<i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs) are widely used in the food and cosmetics industries due to their high antioxidant activity and fascinating flavor properties. Carnosic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are regarded as the characteristic antioxidant components of ROLs, and th...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/14/5493 |
| _version_ | 1797588015366799360 |
|---|---|
| author | Chunyan Zhu Yunchang Fan Hongwei Wu |
| author_facet | Chunyan Zhu Yunchang Fan Hongwei Wu |
| author_sort | Chunyan Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs) are widely used in the food and cosmetics industries due to their high antioxidant activity and fascinating flavor properties. Carnosic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are regarded as the characteristic antioxidant components of ROLs, and the selective separation of CA and RA remains a significant challenge. In this work, the feasibility of achieving the selective separation of CA and RA from ROLs by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was studied and compared. The experiments suggested that SPE with CAD-40 macroporous resin as the adsorbent was a good choice for selectively isolating CA from the extracts of ROLs and could produce raw CA with purity levels as high as 76.5%. The LLE with ethyl acetate (EA) as the extraction solvent was more suitable for extracting RA from the diluted extracts of ROLs and could produce raw RA with a purity level of 56.3%. Compared with the reported column chromatography and LLE techniques, the developed SPE–LLE method not only exhibited higher extraction efficiency for CA and RA, but can also produce CA and RA with higher purity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-780ea8956c2e47a0b12fab8fb9422258 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:46:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-780ea8956c2e47a0b12fab8fb94222582023-11-18T20:42:55ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-07-012814549310.3390/molecules28145493The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative StudyChunyan Zhu0Yunchang Fan1Hongwei Wu2College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China<i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs) are widely used in the food and cosmetics industries due to their high antioxidant activity and fascinating flavor properties. Carnosic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are regarded as the characteristic antioxidant components of ROLs, and the selective separation of CA and RA remains a significant challenge. In this work, the feasibility of achieving the selective separation of CA and RA from ROLs by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was studied and compared. The experiments suggested that SPE with CAD-40 macroporous resin as the adsorbent was a good choice for selectively isolating CA from the extracts of ROLs and could produce raw CA with purity levels as high as 76.5%. The LLE with ethyl acetate (EA) as the extraction solvent was more suitable for extracting RA from the diluted extracts of ROLs and could produce raw RA with a purity level of 56.3%. Compared with the reported column chromatography and LLE techniques, the developed SPE–LLE method not only exhibited higher extraction efficiency for CA and RA, but can also produce CA and RA with higher purity.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/14/5493<i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs)carnosic acid (CA)rosmarinic acid (RA)macroporous resinsolid-phase extraction (SPE)liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) |
| spellingShingle | Chunyan Zhu Yunchang Fan Hongwei Wu The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study Molecules <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs) carnosic acid (CA) rosmarinic acid (RA) macroporous resin solid-phase extraction (SPE) liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) |
| title | The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study |
| title_full | The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study |
| title_fullStr | The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study |
| title_short | The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study |
| title_sort | selective separation of carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid by solid phase extraction and liquid liquid extraction a comparative study |
| topic | <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs) carnosic acid (CA) rosmarinic acid (RA) macroporous resin solid-phase extraction (SPE) liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/14/5493 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chunyanzhu theselectiveseparationofcarnosicacidandrosmarinicacidbysolidphaseextractionandliquidliquidextractionacomparativestudy AT yunchangfan theselectiveseparationofcarnosicacidandrosmarinicacidbysolidphaseextractionandliquidliquidextractionacomparativestudy AT hongweiwu theselectiveseparationofcarnosicacidandrosmarinicacidbysolidphaseextractionandliquidliquidextractionacomparativestudy AT chunyanzhu selectiveseparationofcarnosicacidandrosmarinicacidbysolidphaseextractionandliquidliquidextractionacomparativestudy AT yunchangfan selectiveseparationofcarnosicacidandrosmarinicacidbysolidphaseextractionandliquidliquidextractionacomparativestudy AT hongweiwu selectiveseparationofcarnosicacidandrosmarinicacidbysolidphaseextractionandliquidliquidextractionacomparativestudy |