| Summary: | Transparency in politics is a core value of democracy, but has to be balanced with politicians' need for
deliberation arenas. Norway and Denmark have relatively similar political systems at the municipal level,
but the balance between openness and deliberation is approached in different ways: Denmark
emphasizes closed political meetings and deliberation, Norway emphasizes open meetings and
democratic control. This comparative study of two Danish and two Norwegian municipalities shows
that closed meetings makes politicians more able to deliberate, and that mandatory open meetings move deliberation to informal meetings, and thus creates less ability to consensus-based politics.
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