Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells
Abstract Background Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new vessels by sprouting of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels in response to stimuli, such as hypoxia or inflammation. Subcutaneous dirofilariasis, caused by Dirofilaria repens, is a zoonotic disease characterized by the forma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05726-z |
| _version_ | 1797865413691834368 |
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| author | María del Pilar Pérez Rodríguez Claudia Alarcón-Torrecillas Miguel Pericacho Iván Rodríguez-Escolar Elena Carretón Rodrigo Morchón |
| author_facet | María del Pilar Pérez Rodríguez Claudia Alarcón-Torrecillas Miguel Pericacho Iván Rodríguez-Escolar Elena Carretón Rodrigo Morchón |
| author_sort | María del Pilar Pérez Rodríguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new vessels by sprouting of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels in response to stimuli, such as hypoxia or inflammation. Subcutaneous dirofilariasis, caused by Dirofilaria repens, is a zoonotic disease characterized by the formation of subcutaneous nodules with the presence of at least one encapsulated worm, showing perivascular vascularization around it. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the somatic antigen of adult D. repens worms interacts with and modulates the angiogenic mechanism, cell proliferation and migration, and formation of pseudo-capillaries. Methods The expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1/sFlt, VEGFR-2, mEnd and sEnd in cultures of human vascular endothelial cells stimulated with somatic antigen of adult worms of D. repens (DrSA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and DrSA + VEGF were evaluated by using ELISA commercial kits. Cellular viability was analyzed by live cell count, cytotoxicity assays by using a commercial kit, cell proliferation by MTT-based assay, cell migration by wound-healing assay carried out by scratching wounds and capacity of formation of pseudo-capillaries analyzing cell connections and cell groups in Matrigel cell cultures. In all cases unstimulated cultures were used as controls. Results DrSA + VEGF significantly increased the expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2 and mEndoglin compared to other groups and unstimulated cultures. Moreover, DrSA + VEGF produced cell proliferation and migration and increased the formation of pseudo-capillaries. Conclusions Somatic antigen of adult D. repens worms activated the proangiogenic mechanism, cell proliferation and cell migration as well as formation of pseudo-capillaries in this in vitro human endothelial cell model. These processes could be related to the survival of adult D. repens in subcutaneous nodules in infected hosts. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:08:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-781002983b284cc8ae5327e19e2d1a38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:08:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-781002983b284cc8ae5327e19e2d1a382023-03-22T10:33:25ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052023-03-011611910.1186/s13071-023-05726-zEffect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cellsMaría del Pilar Pérez Rodríguez0Claudia Alarcón-Torrecillas1Miguel Pericacho2Iván Rodríguez-Escolar3Elena Carretón4Rodrigo Morchón5Zoonotic Diseases and One Health Group, IBSAL-CIETUS (Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca Research Centre for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of SalamancaDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of SalamancaDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of SalamancaZoonotic Diseases and One Health Group, IBSAL-CIETUS (Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca Research Centre for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of SalamancaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaZoonotic Diseases and One Health Group, IBSAL-CIETUS (Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca Research Centre for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of SalamancaAbstract Background Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new vessels by sprouting of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels in response to stimuli, such as hypoxia or inflammation. Subcutaneous dirofilariasis, caused by Dirofilaria repens, is a zoonotic disease characterized by the formation of subcutaneous nodules with the presence of at least one encapsulated worm, showing perivascular vascularization around it. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the somatic antigen of adult D. repens worms interacts with and modulates the angiogenic mechanism, cell proliferation and migration, and formation of pseudo-capillaries. Methods The expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1/sFlt, VEGFR-2, mEnd and sEnd in cultures of human vascular endothelial cells stimulated with somatic antigen of adult worms of D. repens (DrSA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and DrSA + VEGF were evaluated by using ELISA commercial kits. Cellular viability was analyzed by live cell count, cytotoxicity assays by using a commercial kit, cell proliferation by MTT-based assay, cell migration by wound-healing assay carried out by scratching wounds and capacity of formation of pseudo-capillaries analyzing cell connections and cell groups in Matrigel cell cultures. In all cases unstimulated cultures were used as controls. Results DrSA + VEGF significantly increased the expression of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2 and mEndoglin compared to other groups and unstimulated cultures. Moreover, DrSA + VEGF produced cell proliferation and migration and increased the formation of pseudo-capillaries. Conclusions Somatic antigen of adult D. repens worms activated the proangiogenic mechanism, cell proliferation and cell migration as well as formation of pseudo-capillaries in this in vitro human endothelial cell model. These processes could be related to the survival of adult D. repens in subcutaneous nodules in infected hosts. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05726-zAngiogenesisSomatic antigensDirofilaria repens adult wormsCell proliferationCell migrationPseudo-capillary formation |
| spellingShingle | María del Pilar Pérez Rodríguez Claudia Alarcón-Torrecillas Miguel Pericacho Iván Rodríguez-Escolar Elena Carretón Rodrigo Morchón Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells Parasites & Vectors Angiogenesis Somatic antigens Dirofilaria repens adult worms Cell proliferation Cell migration Pseudo-capillary formation |
| title | Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells |
| title_full | Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells |
| title_fullStr | Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells |
| title_short | Effect of somatic antigens of Dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration and pseudo-capillary formation in human endothelial cells |
| title_sort | effect of somatic antigens of dirofilaria repens adult worms on angiogenesis cell proliferation and migration and pseudo capillary formation in human endothelial cells |
| topic | Angiogenesis Somatic antigens Dirofilaria repens adult worms Cell proliferation Cell migration Pseudo-capillary formation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05726-z |
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