Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Acute abdomen is one of the most frequent causes of presentation to the Emergency Department (ED). The clinicians favour radiological examinations to reach the proper final diagnosis after thorough physical examinations, lab investigations, and clinical interpretation. Contrast-enhance...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17795/62643_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(HB_SS)_PN(SS).pdf |
| _version_ | 1797838514196316160 |
|---|---|
| author | Ajeet Kumar Madhesia Sangram Panda Sudhansu Sekhar Mohanty Matadha Kumaraswamy Suma Kamal Kumar Sen Radha Krishna Kolluru Sunny Swaraj Yalamanchi Rajesh |
| author_facet | Ajeet Kumar Madhesia Sangram Panda Sudhansu Sekhar Mohanty Matadha Kumaraswamy Suma Kamal Kumar Sen Radha Krishna Kolluru Sunny Swaraj Yalamanchi Rajesh |
| author_sort | Ajeet Kumar Madhesia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Acute abdomen is one of the most frequent causes of presentation to the Emergency Department (ED). The clinicians favour radiological examinations to reach the proper final diagnosis after thorough physical examinations, lab investigations, and clinical interpretation. Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) imaging aids in preventing delayed necessary treatment or unnecessary surgery.
Aim: To investigate the specificity and sensitivity of CECT in cases of the acute abdomen using histopathological, clinical, and intraoperative surgical findings as gold standards.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, from September 2020-2022. Evaluation of 115 patients was done based on inclusion (Patients presenting with clinical symptoms of acute abdomen and undergoing CECT Abdomen, followed by a clinical, biochemical, surgical, or histopathological examination) and exclusion criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), and accuracy of CECT was calculated. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Results: The study included 115 patients with ages ranging from 9-88 years. An increased incidence in males was observed, M:F ratio of 1.4:1. The most common age group was 31-40 years (n-25; 21.7%), followed by 41-50 years (n-20; 17.4%). Cholecystitis was the most common cause of acute abdomen, accounting for 22.6% (n-26) of total cases followed by appendicitis. The overall accuracy rate of CECT was 93% with an accuracy of 98-99% in cases of cholecystitis appendicitis, pancreatitis, ovarian cyst, and bowel obstruction.
Conclusion: CECT shows higher sensitivity and specificity in identifying different aetiology of acute abdomen. It also helps in optimal decision-making for management and improved outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:43:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78165c332e7a4b32b6ffb9c30d5ba2af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:43:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-78165c332e7a4b32b6ffb9c30d5ba2af2023-04-27T06:19:37ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2023-05-01175TC06TC0910.7860/JCDR/2023/62643.17795Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional StudyAjeet Kumar Madhesia0Sangram Panda1Sudhansu Sekhar Mohanty2Matadha Kumaraswamy Suma3Kamal Kumar Sen4Radha Krishna Kolluru5Sunny Swaraj6Yalamanchi Rajesh7Junior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Junior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Junior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Junior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Junior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India.Introduction: Acute abdomen is one of the most frequent causes of presentation to the Emergency Department (ED). The clinicians favour radiological examinations to reach the proper final diagnosis after thorough physical examinations, lab investigations, and clinical interpretation. Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) imaging aids in preventing delayed necessary treatment or unnecessary surgery. Aim: To investigate the specificity and sensitivity of CECT in cases of the acute abdomen using histopathological, clinical, and intraoperative surgical findings as gold standards. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, from September 2020-2022. Evaluation of 115 patients was done based on inclusion (Patients presenting with clinical symptoms of acute abdomen and undergoing CECT Abdomen, followed by a clinical, biochemical, surgical, or histopathological examination) and exclusion criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), and accuracy of CECT was calculated. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results: The study included 115 patients with ages ranging from 9-88 years. An increased incidence in males was observed, M:F ratio of 1.4:1. The most common age group was 31-40 years (n-25; 21.7%), followed by 41-50 years (n-20; 17.4%). Cholecystitis was the most common cause of acute abdomen, accounting for 22.6% (n-26) of total cases followed by appendicitis. The overall accuracy rate of CECT was 93% with an accuracy of 98-99% in cases of cholecystitis appendicitis, pancreatitis, ovarian cyst, and bowel obstruction. Conclusion: CECT shows higher sensitivity and specificity in identifying different aetiology of acute abdomen. It also helps in optimal decision-making for management and improved outcomes.https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17795/62643_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(HB_SS)_PN(SS).pdfbowel obstructionovarian cystpancreatitissensitivity |
| spellingShingle | Ajeet Kumar Madhesia Sangram Panda Sudhansu Sekhar Mohanty Matadha Kumaraswamy Suma Kamal Kumar Sen Radha Krishna Kolluru Sunny Swaraj Yalamanchi Rajesh Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research bowel obstruction ovarian cyst pancreatitis sensitivity |
| title | Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full | Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_short | Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography in Acute Abdomen: A Cross-sectional Study |
| title_sort | evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of contrast enhanced computed tomography in acute abdomen a cross sectional study |
| topic | bowel obstruction ovarian cyst pancreatitis sensitivity |
| url | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/17795/62643_CE[Ra1]_F(IS)_PF1(HB_SS)_PN(SS).pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ajeetkumarmadhesia evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT sangrampanda evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT sudhansusekharmohanty evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT matadhakumaraswamysuma evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT kamalkumarsen evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT radhakrishnakolluru evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT sunnyswaraj evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy AT yalamanchirajesh evaluationofdiagnosticaccuracyofcontrastenhancedcomputedtomographyinacuteabdomenacrosssectionalstudy |