DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer
Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) originates from pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and accounts for approximately 15% of lung cancer incidents. Patients with SCLC have a very low survival rate due to fast progression and early metastasis. Despite the recent approval of immune checkpoint blockade...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Translational Discovery |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ctd2.191 |
| _version_ | 1797354950487965696 |
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| author | Xianmin Zhu Yuehua Gao Yimiao Feng Jie Zheng Yixiao Dong Peng Zhang Yuming Zhu Guoping Fan |
| author_facet | Xianmin Zhu Yuehua Gao Yimiao Feng Jie Zheng Yixiao Dong Peng Zhang Yuming Zhu Guoping Fan |
| author_sort | Xianmin Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) originates from pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and accounts for approximately 15% of lung cancer incidents. Patients with SCLC have a very low survival rate due to fast progression and early metastasis. Despite the recent approval of immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of SCLC by US FDA, conventional platinum chemotherapy remains the first‐line treatment which always develops quick drug resistance. To define targets for diagnosis and treatment, SCLC has been categorized by different molecular markers. The most popular markers include genomic mutations in tumour suppressor genes such as TP53 and RB1 and expression of lineage‐specific transcription factors (TFs), that is ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3 and YAP1. As DNA methylation is an important hallmark of cancer, efforts were made to investigate the mechanisms of DNA methylation involved in SCLC progression. Indeed, SCLC has distinct pattern of DNA methylation due to its different features compared to non‐SCLC and other tumours. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of DNA methylation in SCLC which are associated with lineage‐specific TFs, cell proliferation, anti‐apoptosis, drug resistance, immune evasion and metastasis. We foresaw the challenges of applying DNA methylation in clinical diagnosis and treatment and discussed new approaches and technologies to overcome them. Combined with other gene regulatory information such as transcription and histone modification, DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation in SCLC will be resolved at single‐cell resolution to dissect the tumour microenvironment. The huge multiomics data will be processed and integrated with clinical data such as clinical images and pathological histochemistry by artificial intelligence and cloud computing. Circulating cell‐free DNA methylation will greatly enhance early diagnosis and prognosis prediction. New organoid and organ chip models will break through the obstacles of sampling limitation, faithfully simulate the physiology of human tissues and enable examining spatiotemporal DNA methylation during SCLC progression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:57:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-781961d2f08440279ce913c3715b6faa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2768-0622 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T13:57:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Translational Discovery |
| spelling | doaj.art-781961d2f08440279ce913c3715b6faa2024-01-15T11:50:30ZengWileyClinical and Translational Discovery2768-06222023-06-0133n/an/a10.1002/ctd2.191DNA methylation in small cell lung cancerXianmin Zhu0Yuehua Gao1Yimiao Feng2Jie Zheng3Yixiao Dong4Peng Zhang5Yuming Zhu6Guoping Fan7Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies ShanghaiTech University Shanghai ChinaShanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies ShanghaiTech University Shanghai ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai ChinaShanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies ShanghaiTech University Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai ChinaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai ChinaShanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies ShanghaiTech University Shanghai ChinaAbstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) originates from pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and accounts for approximately 15% of lung cancer incidents. Patients with SCLC have a very low survival rate due to fast progression and early metastasis. Despite the recent approval of immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of SCLC by US FDA, conventional platinum chemotherapy remains the first‐line treatment which always develops quick drug resistance. To define targets for diagnosis and treatment, SCLC has been categorized by different molecular markers. The most popular markers include genomic mutations in tumour suppressor genes such as TP53 and RB1 and expression of lineage‐specific transcription factors (TFs), that is ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3 and YAP1. As DNA methylation is an important hallmark of cancer, efforts were made to investigate the mechanisms of DNA methylation involved in SCLC progression. Indeed, SCLC has distinct pattern of DNA methylation due to its different features compared to non‐SCLC and other tumours. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of DNA methylation in SCLC which are associated with lineage‐specific TFs, cell proliferation, anti‐apoptosis, drug resistance, immune evasion and metastasis. We foresaw the challenges of applying DNA methylation in clinical diagnosis and treatment and discussed new approaches and technologies to overcome them. Combined with other gene regulatory information such as transcription and histone modification, DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation in SCLC will be resolved at single‐cell resolution to dissect the tumour microenvironment. The huge multiomics data will be processed and integrated with clinical data such as clinical images and pathological histochemistry by artificial intelligence and cloud computing. Circulating cell‐free DNA methylation will greatly enhance early diagnosis and prognosis prediction. New organoid and organ chip models will break through the obstacles of sampling limitation, faithfully simulate the physiology of human tissues and enable examining spatiotemporal DNA methylation during SCLC progression.https://doi.org/10.1002/ctd2.191DNA methylationepigeneticssmall cell lung cancer |
| spellingShingle | Xianmin Zhu Yuehua Gao Yimiao Feng Jie Zheng Yixiao Dong Peng Zhang Yuming Zhu Guoping Fan DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer Clinical and Translational Discovery DNA methylation epigenetics small cell lung cancer |
| title | DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer |
| title_full | DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer |
| title_fullStr | DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer |
| title_short | DNA methylation in small cell lung cancer |
| title_sort | dna methylation in small cell lung cancer |
| topic | DNA methylation epigenetics small cell lung cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ctd2.191 |
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