Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study
The conformation of a ceramic piece follows the steps of preparing the raw material, molding, lamination, drying, and firing. Drying is a thermodynamic process of heat and mass transfer, with dimensional variations of the product that requires a large amount of energy. Ceramic materials when exposed...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/11/2834 |
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| author | A.M. Vasconcelos da Silva J.M.P.Q. Delgado A.S. Guimarães W.M.P. Barbosa de Lima R. Soares Gomez R. Pereira de Farias E. Santana de Lima A.G. Barbosa de Lima |
| author_facet | A.M. Vasconcelos da Silva J.M.P.Q. Delgado A.S. Guimarães W.M.P. Barbosa de Lima R. Soares Gomez R. Pereira de Farias E. Santana de Lima A.G. Barbosa de Lima |
| author_sort | A.M. Vasconcelos da Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The conformation of a ceramic piece follows the steps of preparing the raw material, molding, lamination, drying, and firing. Drying is a thermodynamic process of heat and mass transfer, with dimensional variations of the product that requires a large amount of energy. Ceramic materials when exposed to non-uniform drying may suffer cracks and deformations, reducing their post-drying quality. Thus, this work aimed to study the drying of industrial ceramic blocks in an oven with forced air circulation. Experiments were carried out to characterize the clay and drying of the ceramic block at temperatures ranging from 50 °C to 100 °C. Results of the chemical, mineralogical, granulometric, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analysis of the clay, and heating kinetics, mass loss, and dimensional variation of the industrial ceramic block are presented and analyzed in detail. It was found that the clay is basically composed of silica and alumina (≈ 80.96%), with an average particle diameter of 13.36 μm. The study proved that drying at high temperature and low relative humidity of the air generates high rates of mass loss, heating, and volumetric shrinkage in the ceramic product, and high thermo-hydraulic stresses, which cause the appearance and propagation of cracks, gaps, and cleavages, compromising the final quality of the product. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7820661df1e949b18d3215b38a1b811b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:24:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-7820661df1e949b18d3215b38a1b811b2023-11-20T02:39:07ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-06-011311283410.3390/en13112834Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental StudyA.M. Vasconcelos da Silva0J.M.P.Q. Delgado1A.S. Guimarães2W.M.P. Barbosa de Lima3R. Soares Gomez4R. Pereira de Farias5E. Santana de Lima6A.G. Barbosa de Lima7Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, BrazilCONSTRUCT-LFC, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalCONSTRUCT-LFC, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, BrazilDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, BrazilDepartment of Agriculture Science, State University of Paraiba, Catolé do Rocha 58884-000, BrazilDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, BrazilDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, BrazilThe conformation of a ceramic piece follows the steps of preparing the raw material, molding, lamination, drying, and firing. Drying is a thermodynamic process of heat and mass transfer, with dimensional variations of the product that requires a large amount of energy. Ceramic materials when exposed to non-uniform drying may suffer cracks and deformations, reducing their post-drying quality. Thus, this work aimed to study the drying of industrial ceramic blocks in an oven with forced air circulation. Experiments were carried out to characterize the clay and drying of the ceramic block at temperatures ranging from 50 °C to 100 °C. Results of the chemical, mineralogical, granulometric, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analysis of the clay, and heating kinetics, mass loss, and dimensional variation of the industrial ceramic block are presented and analyzed in detail. It was found that the clay is basically composed of silica and alumina (≈ 80.96%), with an average particle diameter of 13.36 μm. The study proved that drying at high temperature and low relative humidity of the air generates high rates of mass loss, heating, and volumetric shrinkage in the ceramic product, and high thermo-hydraulic stresses, which cause the appearance and propagation of cracks, gaps, and cleavages, compromising the final quality of the product.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/11/2834ceramic blocksclaymassheatdimensional variation |
| spellingShingle | A.M. Vasconcelos da Silva J.M.P.Q. Delgado A.S. Guimarães W.M.P. Barbosa de Lima R. Soares Gomez R. Pereira de Farias E. Santana de Lima A.G. Barbosa de Lima Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study Energies ceramic blocks clay mass heat dimensional variation |
| title | Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study |
| title_full | Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study |
| title_fullStr | Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study |
| title_short | Industrial Ceramic Blocks for Buildings: Clay Characterization and Drying Experimental Study |
| title_sort | industrial ceramic blocks for buildings clay characterization and drying experimental study |
| topic | ceramic blocks clay mass heat dimensional variation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/11/2834 |
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