Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem

Abstract Face recognition technology is now mature enough to reach commercial products, such as smart phones or tablets. However, it still needs to increase robustness against imposter attacks. In this regard, face Presentation Attack Detection (face‐PAD) is a key component in providing trustable fa...

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Main Authors: Artur Costa‐Pazo, Daniel Pérez‐Cabo, David Jiménez‐Cabello, José Luis Alba‐Castro, Esteban Vazquez‐Fernandez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-07-01
Series:IET Biometrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1049/bme2.12049
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author Artur Costa‐Pazo
Daniel Pérez‐Cabo
David Jiménez‐Cabello
José Luis Alba‐Castro
Esteban Vazquez‐Fernandez
author_facet Artur Costa‐Pazo
Daniel Pérez‐Cabo
David Jiménez‐Cabello
José Luis Alba‐Castro
Esteban Vazquez‐Fernandez
author_sort Artur Costa‐Pazo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Face recognition technology is now mature enough to reach commercial products, such as smart phones or tablets. However, it still needs to increase robustness against imposter attacks. In this regard, face Presentation Attack Detection (face‐PAD) is a key component in providing trustable facial access to digital devices. Despite the success of several face‐PAD works in publicly available datasets, most of them fail to reach the market, revealing the lack of evaluation frameworks that represent realistic settings. Here, an extensive analysis of the generalisation problem in face‐PAD is provided, jointly with an evaluation strategy based on the aggregation of most publicly available datasets and a set of novel protocols to cover the most realistic settings, including a novel demographic bias analysis. Besides, a new fine‐grained categorisation of presentation attacks and instruments is provided, enabling higher flexibility in assessing the generalisation of different algorithms under a common framework. As a result, GRAD‐GPAD v2, a comprehensive and modular framework is presented to evaluate the performance of face‐PAD approaches in realistic settings, enabling accountability and fair comparison of most face‐PAD approaches in the literature.
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spelling doaj.art-7826e036a1454342a7d4ae16210cb2ce2025-02-03T01:29:37ZengWileyIET Biometrics2047-49382047-49462021-07-0110440842910.1049/bme2.12049Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problemArtur Costa‐Pazo0Daniel Pérez‐Cabo1David Jiménez‐Cabello2José Luis Alba‐Castro3Esteban Vazquez‐Fernandez4Alice Biometrics Vigo SpainAlice Biometrics Vigo SpainR&D Nielsen IQ Madrid SpainatlanTTic research center at University of Vigo Vigo SpainAlice Biometrics Vigo SpainAbstract Face recognition technology is now mature enough to reach commercial products, such as smart phones or tablets. However, it still needs to increase robustness against imposter attacks. In this regard, face Presentation Attack Detection (face‐PAD) is a key component in providing trustable facial access to digital devices. Despite the success of several face‐PAD works in publicly available datasets, most of them fail to reach the market, revealing the lack of evaluation frameworks that represent realistic settings. Here, an extensive analysis of the generalisation problem in face‐PAD is provided, jointly with an evaluation strategy based on the aggregation of most publicly available datasets and a set of novel protocols to cover the most realistic settings, including a novel demographic bias analysis. Besides, a new fine‐grained categorisation of presentation attacks and instruments is provided, enabling higher flexibility in assessing the generalisation of different algorithms under a common framework. As a result, GRAD‐GPAD v2, a comprehensive and modular framework is presented to evaluate the performance of face‐PAD approaches in realistic settings, enabling accountability and fair comparison of most face‐PAD approaches in the literature.https://doi.org/10.1049/bme2.12049face recognitionpose estimationvideo signal processingobject tracking
spellingShingle Artur Costa‐Pazo
Daniel Pérez‐Cabo
David Jiménez‐Cabello
José Luis Alba‐Castro
Esteban Vazquez‐Fernandez
Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
IET Biometrics
face recognition
pose estimation
video signal processing
object tracking
title Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
title_full Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
title_fullStr Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
title_full_unstemmed Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
title_short Face presentation attack detection. A comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
title_sort face presentation attack detection a comprehensive evaluation of the generalisation problem
topic face recognition
pose estimation
video signal processing
object tracking
url https://doi.org/10.1049/bme2.12049
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AT joseluisalbacastro facepresentationattackdetectionacomprehensiveevaluationofthegeneralisationproblem
AT estebanvazquezfernandez facepresentationattackdetectionacomprehensiveevaluationofthegeneralisationproblem