Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany
South American camelids (SAC) are increasingly kept in Europe in close contact with humans and other livestock species and can potentially contribute to transmission chains of epizootic, zoonotic and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) agents from and to livestock and humans. Consequently, SAC were includ...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1697 |
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| author | Belén González-Santamarina Michael Weber Christian Menge Christian Berens |
| author_facet | Belén González-Santamarina Michael Weber Christian Menge Christian Berens |
| author_sort | Belén González-Santamarina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | South American camelids (SAC) are increasingly kept in Europe in close contact with humans and other livestock species and can potentially contribute to transmission chains of epizootic, zoonotic and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) agents from and to livestock and humans. Consequently, SAC were included as livestock species in the new European Animal Health Law. However, the knowledge on bacteria exhibiting AMR in SAC is too scarce to draft appropriate monitoring and preventive programs. During a survey of SAC holdings in central Germany, 39 <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains were isolated from composite fecal samples by selecting for cephalosporin or fluoroquinolone resistance and were here subjected to whole-genome sequencing. The data were bioinformatically analyzed for strain phylogeny, detection of pathovars, AMR genes and plasmids. Most (33/39) strains belonged to phylogroups A and B1. Still, the isolates were highly diverse, as evidenced by 28 multi-locus sequence types. More than half of the isolates (23/39) were genotypically classified as multidrug resistant. Genes mediating resistance to trimethoprim/sulfonamides (22/39), aminoglycosides (20/39) and tetracyclines (18/39) were frequent. The most common extended-spectrum-β-lactamase gene was <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-1</sub> (16/39). One strain was classified as enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i>. The positive results indicate the need to include AMR bacteria in yet-to-be-established animal disease surveillance protocols for SAC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:06:56Z |
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| id | doaj.art-7832be1cae6749e78217e446d83c00bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:06:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-7832be1cae6749e78217e446d83c00bb2023-11-23T17:51:52ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-08-01109169710.3390/microorganisms10091697Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central GermanyBelén González-Santamarina0Michael Weber1Christian Menge2Christian Berens3Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanyFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, GermanySouth American camelids (SAC) are increasingly kept in Europe in close contact with humans and other livestock species and can potentially contribute to transmission chains of epizootic, zoonotic and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) agents from and to livestock and humans. Consequently, SAC were included as livestock species in the new European Animal Health Law. However, the knowledge on bacteria exhibiting AMR in SAC is too scarce to draft appropriate monitoring and preventive programs. During a survey of SAC holdings in central Germany, 39 <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains were isolated from composite fecal samples by selecting for cephalosporin or fluoroquinolone resistance and were here subjected to whole-genome sequencing. The data were bioinformatically analyzed for strain phylogeny, detection of pathovars, AMR genes and plasmids. Most (33/39) strains belonged to phylogroups A and B1. Still, the isolates were highly diverse, as evidenced by 28 multi-locus sequence types. More than half of the isolates (23/39) were genotypically classified as multidrug resistant. Genes mediating resistance to trimethoprim/sulfonamides (22/39), aminoglycosides (20/39) and tetracyclines (18/39) were frequent. The most common extended-spectrum-β-lactamase gene was <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-1</sub> (16/39). One strain was classified as enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i>. The positive results indicate the need to include AMR bacteria in yet-to-be-established animal disease surveillance protocols for SAC.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1697South American camelidsantimicrobial resistancevirulence factorpathovargenome analysis<i>E. coli</i> |
| spellingShingle | Belén González-Santamarina Michael Weber Christian Menge Christian Berens Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany Microorganisms South American camelids antimicrobial resistance virulence factor pathovar genome analysis <i>E. coli</i> |
| title | Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany |
| title_full | Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany |
| title_short | Comparative Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> from South American Camelids in Central Germany |
| title_sort | comparative genomic analysis of antimicrobial resistant i escherichia coli i from south american camelids in central germany |
| topic | South American camelids antimicrobial resistance virulence factor pathovar genome analysis <i>E. coli</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1697 |
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