Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments
<i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 is an oleaginous yeast that has been demonstrated to accumulate substantial quantities of intracellular lipids and carotenoids. In this study, crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, was used as a carbon source to enhance the accumulation...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-12-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/24/17192 |
| _version_ | 1797380772616732672 |
|---|---|
| author | Cheeranan Sriphuttha Pailin Boontawan Pasama Boonyanan Mariena Ketudat-Cairns Apichat Boontawan |
| author_facet | Cheeranan Sriphuttha Pailin Boontawan Pasama Boonyanan Mariena Ketudat-Cairns Apichat Boontawan |
| author_sort | Cheeranan Sriphuttha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 is an oleaginous yeast that has been demonstrated to accumulate substantial quantities of intracellular lipids and carotenoids. In this study, crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, was used as a carbon source to enhance the accumulation of lipids and carotenoids in the cells. The culture conditions were first optimized using response surface methodology, which revealed that the carotenoid concentration and lipid content improved when the concentration of crude glycerol was 40 g/L. Different fermentation conditions were also investigated: batch, repeated-batch, and fed-batch conditions in a 500 L fermenter. For fed-batch fermentation, the maximum concentrations of biomass, lipids, and carotenoids obtained were 46.32 g/L, 37.65%, and 713.80 mg/L, respectively. A chemical-free carotenoid extraction method was also optimized using high-pressure homogenization and a microfluidizer device. The carotenoids were found to be mostly beta-carotene, which was confirmed by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography), LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The results of this study indicate that crude glycerol can be used as a substrate to produce carotenoids, resulting in enhanced value of this biodiesel by-product. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:41:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-783f2ee85ce74af081b23431e7126559 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:41:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-783f2ee85ce74af081b23431e71265592023-12-22T14:13:33ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-12-0124241719210.3390/ijms242417192Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale ExperimentsCheeranan Sriphuttha0Pailin Boontawan1Pasama Boonyanan2Mariena Ketudat-Cairns3Apichat Boontawan4School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandThe Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand<i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 is an oleaginous yeast that has been demonstrated to accumulate substantial quantities of intracellular lipids and carotenoids. In this study, crude glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, was used as a carbon source to enhance the accumulation of lipids and carotenoids in the cells. The culture conditions were first optimized using response surface methodology, which revealed that the carotenoid concentration and lipid content improved when the concentration of crude glycerol was 40 g/L. Different fermentation conditions were also investigated: batch, repeated-batch, and fed-batch conditions in a 500 L fermenter. For fed-batch fermentation, the maximum concentrations of biomass, lipids, and carotenoids obtained were 46.32 g/L, 37.65%, and 713.80 mg/L, respectively. A chemical-free carotenoid extraction method was also optimized using high-pressure homogenization and a microfluidizer device. The carotenoids were found to be mostly beta-carotene, which was confirmed by HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography), LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The results of this study indicate that crude glycerol can be used as a substrate to produce carotenoids, resulting in enhanced value of this biodiesel by-product.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/24/17192oleaginous yeastcrude glycerol<i>R. paludigena</i> CM33bio-lipidscarotenoids |
| spellingShingle | Cheeranan Sriphuttha Pailin Boontawan Pasama Boonyanan Mariena Ketudat-Cairns Apichat Boontawan Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments International Journal of Molecular Sciences oleaginous yeast crude glycerol <i>R. paludigena</i> CM33 bio-lipids carotenoids |
| title | Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments |
| title_full | Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments |
| title_fullStr | Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments |
| title_short | Simultaneous Lipid and Carotenoid Production via <i>Rhodotorula paludigena</i> CM33 Using Crude Glycerol as the Main Substrate: Pilot-Scale Experiments |
| title_sort | simultaneous lipid and carotenoid production via i rhodotorula paludigena i cm33 using crude glycerol as the main substrate pilot scale experiments |
| topic | oleaginous yeast crude glycerol <i>R. paludigena</i> CM33 bio-lipids carotenoids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/24/17192 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cheeranansriphuttha simultaneouslipidandcarotenoidproductionviairhodotorulapaludigenaicm33usingcrudeglycerolasthemainsubstratepilotscaleexperiments AT pailinboontawan simultaneouslipidandcarotenoidproductionviairhodotorulapaludigenaicm33usingcrudeglycerolasthemainsubstratepilotscaleexperiments AT pasamaboonyanan simultaneouslipidandcarotenoidproductionviairhodotorulapaludigenaicm33usingcrudeglycerolasthemainsubstratepilotscaleexperiments AT marienaketudatcairns simultaneouslipidandcarotenoidproductionviairhodotorulapaludigenaicm33usingcrudeglycerolasthemainsubstratepilotscaleexperiments AT apichatboontawan simultaneouslipidandcarotenoidproductionviairhodotorulapaludigenaicm33usingcrudeglycerolasthemainsubstratepilotscaleexperiments |