Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input
High Speed Sintering is a novel powder-bed fusion Additive Manufacturing technique that uses an infrared lamp to provide intensive thermal energy to sinter polymer powders. The amount of thermal energy is critical to particle coalescence related defects such as porosity. This study investigates the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127520304718 |
| _version_ | 1818284341050998784 |
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| author | Zicheng Zhu Candice Majewski |
| author_facet | Zicheng Zhu Candice Majewski |
| author_sort | Zicheng Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High Speed Sintering is a novel powder-bed fusion Additive Manufacturing technique that uses an infrared lamp to provide intensive thermal energy to sinter polymer powders. The amount of thermal energy is critical to particle coalescence related defects such as porosity. This study investigates the effect of energy input on porosity and the resulting mechanical properties of polyamide-12 parts. Samples were produced at different lamp speeds, generating varying amount of energy input from a low to a high level. They were then scanned using X-ray Computed Tomography technique, following which they were subject to tensile testing. A strong correlation between energy input, porosity and mechanical properties was found, whereby pore formation was fundamentally caused by insufficient energy input. A greater amount of energy input resulted in a reduced porosity level, which in turn led to improved mechanical properties. The porosity, ultimate tensile strength and elongation achieved were 0.58%, 42.4 MPa and 10.0%, respectively, by using the standard parameters. Further increasing the energy input resulted in the lowest porosity of 0.14% and the highest ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 44.4 MPa and 13.5%, respectively. Pore morphology, volume, number density and spatial distribution were investigated, which were found to be closely linked with energy input and mechanical properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:51:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78433df0ea55400ba5dc1261ca594b92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:51:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj.art-78433df0ea55400ba5dc1261ca594b922022-12-22T00:04:54ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752020-09-01194108937Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy inputZicheng Zhu0Candice Majewski1Corresponding author.; EPSRC MAPP Future Manufacturing Hub, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomEPSRC MAPP Future Manufacturing Hub, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomHigh Speed Sintering is a novel powder-bed fusion Additive Manufacturing technique that uses an infrared lamp to provide intensive thermal energy to sinter polymer powders. The amount of thermal energy is critical to particle coalescence related defects such as porosity. This study investigates the effect of energy input on porosity and the resulting mechanical properties of polyamide-12 parts. Samples were produced at different lamp speeds, generating varying amount of energy input from a low to a high level. They were then scanned using X-ray Computed Tomography technique, following which they were subject to tensile testing. A strong correlation between energy input, porosity and mechanical properties was found, whereby pore formation was fundamentally caused by insufficient energy input. A greater amount of energy input resulted in a reduced porosity level, which in turn led to improved mechanical properties. The porosity, ultimate tensile strength and elongation achieved were 0.58%, 42.4 MPa and 10.0%, respectively, by using the standard parameters. Further increasing the energy input resulted in the lowest porosity of 0.14% and the highest ultimate tensile strength and elongation of 44.4 MPa and 13.5%, respectively. Pore morphology, volume, number density and spatial distribution were investigated, which were found to be closely linked with energy input and mechanical properties.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127520304718High speed sinteringAdditive manufacturingPorosityX-ray computed tomographyPowder bed fusionPolyamide-12 |
| spellingShingle | Zicheng Zhu Candice Majewski Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input Materials & Design High speed sintering Additive manufacturing Porosity X-ray computed tomography Powder bed fusion Polyamide-12 |
| title | Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input |
| title_full | Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input |
| title_fullStr | Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input |
| title_short | Understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of High Speed Sintered polyamide-12 parts: A focus on energy input |
| title_sort | understanding pore formation and the effect on mechanical properties of high speed sintered polyamide 12 parts a focus on energy input |
| topic | High speed sintering Additive manufacturing Porosity X-ray computed tomography Powder bed fusion Polyamide-12 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127520304718 |
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