Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023?
Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer, presenting as a mass or as a biliary stricture. This review summarizes the utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the detection, staging, and determination of the differential diagnosis, especially when no cause of bil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/6/1023 |
| _version_ | 1797612412293087232 |
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| author | Rares Ilie Orzan Cristina Pojoga Renata Agoston Radu Seicean Andrada Seicean |
| author_facet | Rares Ilie Orzan Cristina Pojoga Renata Agoston Radu Seicean Andrada Seicean |
| author_sort | Rares Ilie Orzan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer, presenting as a mass or as a biliary stricture. This review summarizes the utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the detection, staging, and determination of the differential diagnosis, especially when no cause of bile duct dilatation is revealed by cross-sectional imaging. The EUS detection rate for distal CCAs is higher than that for the proximal CCAs. The accuracy of T staging varies between 60 and 80%, and vascular involvement is correctly assessed by conventional EUS. EUS-tissue acquisition from the primary tumors is reserved for unresectable or metastatic CCA, especially in distal strictures or mass CCAs. For proximal lesions, EUS could be performed as an adjunctive to ERCP sampling when the latter is inconclusive. EUS is not appropriate for assessing the malignant features of lymph nodes in CCAs. Lymph node EUS-tissue acquisition should be performed only if it changes the surgical decision. Perhaps the development of EUS-fine needle biopsy and the detection of molecular genetic alteration will increase the diagnostic yield in CCAs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:41:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-784584d073e14f67a7273168875f9dac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:41:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-784584d073e14f67a7273168875f9dac2023-11-17T10:33:17ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-03-01136102310.3390/diagnostics13061023Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023?Rares Ilie Orzan0Cristina Pojoga1Renata Agoston2Radu Seicean3Andrada Seicean4Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaRegional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor”, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFirst Department of Surgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaExtrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer, presenting as a mass or as a biliary stricture. This review summarizes the utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the detection, staging, and determination of the differential diagnosis, especially when no cause of bile duct dilatation is revealed by cross-sectional imaging. The EUS detection rate for distal CCAs is higher than that for the proximal CCAs. The accuracy of T staging varies between 60 and 80%, and vascular involvement is correctly assessed by conventional EUS. EUS-tissue acquisition from the primary tumors is reserved for unresectable or metastatic CCA, especially in distal strictures or mass CCAs. For proximal lesions, EUS could be performed as an adjunctive to ERCP sampling when the latter is inconclusive. EUS is not appropriate for assessing the malignant features of lymph nodes in CCAs. Lymph node EUS-tissue acquisition should be performed only if it changes the surgical decision. Perhaps the development of EUS-fine needle biopsy and the detection of molecular genetic alteration will increase the diagnostic yield in CCAs.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/6/1023extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomaendoscopic ultrasoundendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| spellingShingle | Rares Ilie Orzan Cristina Pojoga Renata Agoston Radu Seicean Andrada Seicean Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023? Diagnostics extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma endoscopic ultrasound endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| title | Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023? |
| title_full | Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023? |
| title_fullStr | Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023? |
| title_short | Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Do We Know in 2023? |
| title_sort | endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma what do we know in 2023 |
| topic | extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma endoscopic ultrasound endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/6/1023 |
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