Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment
Electrification continues to permeate the automotive industry, with future projections showing an exponential growth in the market share for both light and heavy-duty applications. Existing test methods for automotive applications were developed to model internal combustion engine vehicles and drive...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmech.2023.1215352/full |
| _version_ | 1797641150885003264 |
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| author | Peter M. Lee Carlos Sanchez Cole Frazier Andrew Velasquez Travis Kostan |
| author_facet | Peter M. Lee Carlos Sanchez Cole Frazier Andrew Velasquez Travis Kostan |
| author_sort | Peter M. Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrification continues to permeate the automotive industry, with future projections showing an exponential growth in the market share for both light and heavy-duty applications. Existing test methods for automotive applications were developed to model internal combustion engine vehicles and drivelines and are not appropriate for electric drivelines that experience stray electric currents. Tribometers can be used to evaluate friction and wear on modeled surfaces simulating in-vehicle operation. In this work, a commercially available tribometer was modified to isolate an electrical input into a tribological contact. After necessary modifications to the tribometer, a test matrix was completed for investigating different temperatures, load conditions, speed conditions, voltage input types, frequencies of AC signal, and shapes of AC signal. These parameters were tested on three lubricants—two typical automatic transmission fluid formulations and gear oil used in differential applications. Friction was measured throughout the tests, and wear scar width was measured at the end of each test. Results indicated that temperature, DC voltage, AC frequency, lubricant, and test profile had statistically significant differences in wear scar width. For electrical parameters, AC frequency produced different results from DC voltage when no voltage was applied. This significance applied to only one lubricant, with the other two lubricants having mixed results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:41:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7856b04c176040d18405ed9c4a2519e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-3079 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:41:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-7856b04c176040d18405ed9c4a2519e32023-11-02T11:54:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering2297-30792023-11-01910.3389/fmech.2023.12153521215352Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environmentPeter M. LeeCarlos SanchezCole FrazierAndrew VelasquezTravis KostanElectrification continues to permeate the automotive industry, with future projections showing an exponential growth in the market share for both light and heavy-duty applications. Existing test methods for automotive applications were developed to model internal combustion engine vehicles and drivelines and are not appropriate for electric drivelines that experience stray electric currents. Tribometers can be used to evaluate friction and wear on modeled surfaces simulating in-vehicle operation. In this work, a commercially available tribometer was modified to isolate an electrical input into a tribological contact. After necessary modifications to the tribometer, a test matrix was completed for investigating different temperatures, load conditions, speed conditions, voltage input types, frequencies of AC signal, and shapes of AC signal. These parameters were tested on three lubricants—two typical automatic transmission fluid formulations and gear oil used in differential applications. Friction was measured throughout the tests, and wear scar width was measured at the end of each test. Results indicated that temperature, DC voltage, AC frequency, lubricant, and test profile had statistically significant differences in wear scar width. For electrical parameters, AC frequency produced different results from DC voltage when no voltage was applied. This significance applied to only one lubricant, with the other two lubricants having mixed results.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmech.2023.1215352/fullelectric vehicleselectrificationtribologywearfluids |
| spellingShingle | Peter M. Lee Carlos Sanchez Cole Frazier Andrew Velasquez Travis Kostan Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering electric vehicles electrification tribology wear fluids |
| title | Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment |
| title_full | Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment |
| title_fullStr | Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment |
| title_short | Tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment |
| title_sort | tribological evaluation of electric vehicle driveline lubricants in an electrified environment |
| topic | electric vehicles electrification tribology wear fluids |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmech.2023.1215352/full |
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