Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses
Different blood gas analyzers are used in equine practice. Every machine needs to be validated, as they have not been designed for use in horses. The aim of this study was to compare the newly marketed GEM5000 machine to the formerly validated epoc machine for blood gas analysis in horses. In this p...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/2/114 |
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| author | Charlotte Sandersen Petra Dmitrovic Julien Dupont Carla Cesarini Hugues Guyot Didier Serteyn Katharina Kirsch |
| author_facet | Charlotte Sandersen Petra Dmitrovic Julien Dupont Carla Cesarini Hugues Guyot Didier Serteyn Katharina Kirsch |
| author_sort | Charlotte Sandersen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Different blood gas analyzers are used in equine practice. Every machine needs to be validated, as they have not been designed for use in horses. The aim of this study was to compare the newly marketed GEM5000 machine to the formerly validated epoc machine for blood gas analysis in horses. In this prospective, non-blinded, comparative laboratory analyzer study, 43 equine blood samples were analyzed on both analyzers and values were compared between the two machines via Lin’s concordance analysis, Passing–Bablok regression analysis and Bland–Altman plots. Duplicate measurements were conducted on the GEM5000 machine to evaluate precision. The GEM5000 failed to achieve the required precision for tHb, Hct and iCa<sup>2+</sup>, but achieved acceptable precision for all other parameters. Concordance correlation analysis revealed poor correlation for Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, iCa<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Hct and tHb, while there was an at least moderate agreement for all other parameters. Passing–Bablok regression revealed significant constant bias for pCO<sub>2</sub>, pO<sub>2</sub>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, and iCa<sup>2+</sup> and significant proportional bias for pCO<sub>2</sub>, iCa<sup>2+</sup> and SO<sub>2</sub>. Bland–Altman analysis revealed significant systematic bias for Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, iCa<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Hct, tHb and SO<sub>2</sub>. This study shows that while precision of the GEM5000 is good, values should not be used interchangeably with data obtained from other blood gas analyzers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:01:49Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:01:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-7862a7fb9092485795cd15f2b9b2620c2023-11-16T23:45:49ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812023-02-0110211410.3390/vetsci10020114Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in HorsesCharlotte Sandersen0Petra Dmitrovic1Julien Dupont2Carla Cesarini3Hugues Guyot4Didier Serteyn5Katharina Kirsch6Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDifferent blood gas analyzers are used in equine practice. Every machine needs to be validated, as they have not been designed for use in horses. The aim of this study was to compare the newly marketed GEM5000 machine to the formerly validated epoc machine for blood gas analysis in horses. In this prospective, non-blinded, comparative laboratory analyzer study, 43 equine blood samples were analyzed on both analyzers and values were compared between the two machines via Lin’s concordance analysis, Passing–Bablok regression analysis and Bland–Altman plots. Duplicate measurements were conducted on the GEM5000 machine to evaluate precision. The GEM5000 failed to achieve the required precision for tHb, Hct and iCa<sup>2+</sup>, but achieved acceptable precision for all other parameters. Concordance correlation analysis revealed poor correlation for Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, iCa<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Hct and tHb, while there was an at least moderate agreement for all other parameters. Passing–Bablok regression revealed significant constant bias for pCO<sub>2</sub>, pO<sub>2</sub>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, and iCa<sup>2+</sup> and significant proportional bias for pCO<sub>2</sub>, iCa<sup>2+</sup> and SO<sub>2</sub>. Bland–Altman analysis revealed significant systematic bias for Na<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, iCa<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Hct, tHb and SO<sub>2</sub>. This study shows that while precision of the GEM5000 is good, values should not be used interchangeably with data obtained from other blood gas analyzers.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/2/114blood gas analysishorsePassing–Bablok analysisBland–Altman analysismethod comparison |
| spellingShingle | Charlotte Sandersen Petra Dmitrovic Julien Dupont Carla Cesarini Hugues Guyot Didier Serteyn Katharina Kirsch Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses Veterinary Sciences blood gas analysis horse Passing–Bablok analysis Bland–Altman analysis method comparison |
| title | Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses |
| title_full | Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses |
| title_fullStr | Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses |
| title_short | Analytical Performance Evaluation of the New GEM<sup>®</sup> Premier™ 5000 in Comparison to the Epoc<sup>®</sup> Blood Gas Analyzer in Horses |
| title_sort | analytical performance evaluation of the new gem sup r sup premier™ 5000 in comparison to the epoc sup r sup blood gas analyzer in horses |
| topic | blood gas analysis horse Passing–Bablok analysis Bland–Altman analysis method comparison |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/10/2/114 |
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