Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis
As close relatives, Bacillus paralicheniformis is often wrongly identified as Bacillus licheniformis. In this study, two genetic markers are presented based on fenC and fenD from the fengycin operon of B. paralicheniformis to rapidly distinguish it from B. licheniformis. The fengycin operon is one o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.596828/full |
| _version_ | 1818591453774872576 |
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| author | Atinuke M. Olajide Shu Chen Gisèle LaPointe |
| author_facet | Atinuke M. Olajide Shu Chen Gisèle LaPointe |
| author_sort | Atinuke M. Olajide |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As close relatives, Bacillus paralicheniformis is often wrongly identified as Bacillus licheniformis. In this study, two genetic markers are presented based on fenC and fenD from the fengycin operon of B. paralicheniformis to rapidly distinguish it from B. licheniformis. The fengycin operon is one of the few present in B. paralicheniformis but absent in B. lichenformis up to date. Using these markers, two presumptive B. paralicheniformis isolates each were recovered from a set of isolates previously identified as B. licheniformis by Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) or identified only to genus level as Bacillus by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, respectively. Whole genome sequencing of the four isolates confirmed their identity as B. paralicheniformis having the closest similarity with B. paralicheniformis ATCC 9945a (GenBank: CP005965.1) with a 7,682 k-mer score and 97.22% Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI). ANI of 100% suggests that the four isolates are highly similar. Further analysis will be necessary to determine if finer differences exist among these isolates at the level of single nucleotide polymorphisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T10:12:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7869dc9877a4426ba9d87931466e40c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T10:12:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-7869dc9877a4426ba9d87931466e40c22022-12-21T22:35:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-01-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.596828596828Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformisAtinuke M. Olajide0Shu Chen1Gisèle LaPointe2CRIFS, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, ON, CanadaAgriculture and Food Laboratory, Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph, Ontario, ON, CanadaCRIFS, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, ON, CanadaAs close relatives, Bacillus paralicheniformis is often wrongly identified as Bacillus licheniformis. In this study, two genetic markers are presented based on fenC and fenD from the fengycin operon of B. paralicheniformis to rapidly distinguish it from B. licheniformis. The fengycin operon is one of the few present in B. paralicheniformis but absent in B. lichenformis up to date. Using these markers, two presumptive B. paralicheniformis isolates each were recovered from a set of isolates previously identified as B. licheniformis by Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) or identified only to genus level as Bacillus by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, respectively. Whole genome sequencing of the four isolates confirmed their identity as B. paralicheniformis having the closest similarity with B. paralicheniformis ATCC 9945a (GenBank: CP005965.1) with a 7,682 k-mer score and 97.22% Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI). ANI of 100% suggests that the four isolates are highly similar. Further analysis will be necessary to determine if finer differences exist among these isolates at the level of single nucleotide polymorphisms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.596828/fullBacillus paralicheniformismarkersfengycindairydraft genome |
| spellingShingle | Atinuke M. Olajide Shu Chen Gisèle LaPointe Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis Frontiers in Microbiology Bacillus paralicheniformis markers fengycin dairy draft genome |
| title | Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis |
| title_full | Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis |
| title_fullStr | Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis |
| title_short | Markers to Rapidly Distinguish Bacillus paralicheniformis From the Very Close Relative, Bacillus licheniformis |
| title_sort | markers to rapidly distinguish bacillus paralicheniformis from the very close relative bacillus licheniformis |
| topic | Bacillus paralicheniformis markers fengycin dairy draft genome |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.596828/full |
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