The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey)
Erionite is a non-asbestos fibrous zeolite classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen and is considered today similar to or even more carcinogenic than the six regulated asbestos minerals. Exposure to fibrous erionite has been unequivocally linked to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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International Union of Crystallography
2023-07-01
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| Series: | IUCrJ |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S2052252523003500 |
| _version_ | 1827906664857075712 |
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| author | Carlotta Giacobbe Anna Moliterni Dario Di Giuseppe Daniele Malferrari Jonathan P. Wright Michele Mattioli Simona Raneri Cinzia Giannini Laura Fornasini Enrico Mugnaioli Paolo Ballirano Alessandro F. Gualtieri |
| author_facet | Carlotta Giacobbe Anna Moliterni Dario Di Giuseppe Daniele Malferrari Jonathan P. Wright Michele Mattioli Simona Raneri Cinzia Giannini Laura Fornasini Enrico Mugnaioli Paolo Ballirano Alessandro F. Gualtieri |
| author_sort | Carlotta Giacobbe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Erionite is a non-asbestos fibrous zeolite classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen and is considered today similar to or even more carcinogenic than the six regulated asbestos minerals. Exposure to fibrous erionite has been unequivocally linked to cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and this killer fibre is assumed to be directly responsible for more than 50% of all deaths in the population of the villages of Karain and Tuzköy in central Anatolia (Turkey). Erionite usually occurs in bundles of thin fibres and very rarely as single acicular or needle-like fibres. For this reason, a crystal structure of this fibre has not been attempted to date although an accurate characterization of its crystal structure is of paramount importance for our understanding of the toxicity and carcinogenicity. In this work, we report on a combined approach of microscopic (SEM, TEM, electron diffraction), spectroscopic (micro-Raman) and chemical techniques with synchrotron nano-single-crystal diffraction that allowed us to obtain the first reliable ab initio crystal structure of this killer zeolite. The refined structure showed regular T—O distances (in the range 1.61–1.65 Å) and extra-framework content in line with the chemical formula (K2.63Ca1.57Mg0.76Na0.13Ba0.01)[Si28.62Al7.35]O72·28.3H2O. The synchrotron nano-diffraction data combined with three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) allowed us to unequivocally rule out the presence of offretite. These results are of paramount importance for understanding the mechanisms by which erionite induces toxic damage and for confirming the physical similarities with asbestos fibres. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:00:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-787c42b6a8e44c4980a736faa3f9785d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2052-2525 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:00:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | International Union of Crystallography |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IUCrJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-787c42b6a8e44c4980a736faa3f9785d2023-07-06T13:03:09ZengInternational Union of CrystallographyIUCrJ2052-25252023-07-0110439741010.1107/S2052252523003500ti5026The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey)Carlotta Giacobbe0Anna Moliterni1Dario Di Giuseppe2Daniele Malferrari3Jonathan P. Wright4Michele Mattioli5Simona Raneri6Cinzia Giannini7Laura Fornasini8Enrico Mugnaioli9Paolo Ballirano10Alessandro F. Gualtieri11European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, FranceInstitute of Crystallography-CNR, Via Amendola 122/o, Bari 70126, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, Modena 41125, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, Modena 41125, ItalyEuropean Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, FranceDipartimento di Scienze Pure ed Applicate, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Campus Scientifico Enrico Mattei, Urbino 61029, ItalyICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, ItalyInstitute of Crystallography-CNR, Via Amendola 122/o, Bari 70126, ItalyICCOM-CNR, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Italian National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, Pisa 56126, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza - Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, Modena 41125, ItalyErionite is a non-asbestos fibrous zeolite classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen and is considered today similar to or even more carcinogenic than the six regulated asbestos minerals. Exposure to fibrous erionite has been unequivocally linked to cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and this killer fibre is assumed to be directly responsible for more than 50% of all deaths in the population of the villages of Karain and Tuzköy in central Anatolia (Turkey). Erionite usually occurs in bundles of thin fibres and very rarely as single acicular or needle-like fibres. For this reason, a crystal structure of this fibre has not been attempted to date although an accurate characterization of its crystal structure is of paramount importance for our understanding of the toxicity and carcinogenicity. In this work, we report on a combined approach of microscopic (SEM, TEM, electron diffraction), spectroscopic (micro-Raman) and chemical techniques with synchrotron nano-single-crystal diffraction that allowed us to obtain the first reliable ab initio crystal structure of this killer zeolite. The refined structure showed regular T—O distances (in the range 1.61–1.65 Å) and extra-framework content in line with the chemical formula (K2.63Ca1.57Mg0.76Na0.13Ba0.01)[Si28.62Al7.35]O72·28.3H2O. The synchrotron nano-diffraction data combined with three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) allowed us to unequivocally rule out the presence of offretite. These results are of paramount importance for understanding the mechanisms by which erionite induces toxic damage and for confirming the physical similarities with asbestos fibres.http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S2052252523003500erionitenano-diffractionasbestosab initio structure solutionmesothelioma |
| spellingShingle | Carlotta Giacobbe Anna Moliterni Dario Di Giuseppe Daniele Malferrari Jonathan P. Wright Michele Mattioli Simona Raneri Cinzia Giannini Laura Fornasini Enrico Mugnaioli Paolo Ballirano Alessandro F. Gualtieri The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) IUCrJ erionite nano-diffraction asbestos ab initio structure solution mesothelioma |
| title | The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) |
| title_full | The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) |
| title_fullStr | The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) |
| title_short | The crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from Tuzköy (Cappadocia, Turkey) |
| title_sort | crystal structure of the killer fibre erionite from tuzkoy cappadocia turkey |
| topic | erionite nano-diffraction asbestos ab initio structure solution mesothelioma |
| url | http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S2052252523003500 |
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