Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study
Background: The analysis of salivary enzymes contributes to the clarification of pathogenesis and improvement in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. The present study aimed to examine the prospective association between smoking and periodontal disease progression and the effects of smoking on the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jfmpc.com/article.asp?issn=2249-4863;year=2020;volume=9;issue=2;spage=1136;epage=1142;aulast= |
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| author | Abhilasha S Patil V Ranganath C Naresh Kumar Rajesh Naik Anu Anna John Shantanu B Pharande |
| author_facet | Abhilasha S Patil V Ranganath C Naresh Kumar Rajesh Naik Anu Anna John Shantanu B Pharande |
| author_sort | Abhilasha S Patil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The analysis of salivary enzymes contributes to the clarification of pathogenesis and improvement in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. The present study aimed to examine the prospective association between smoking and periodontal disease progression and the effects of smoking on the following salivary biomarkers related to periodontitis: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea (UA), free-hemoglobin (f-Hb), and neopterin. Materials and Methods: A total of 64 male patients aged 21–60 years were recruited and grouped as Group 1: 16 healthy nonsmokers, who had never smoked. Group 2: 16 smokers with gingivitis. Group 3: 16 smokers with moderate periodontitis. Group 4: 16 smokers with severe periodontitis. Stimulated saliva was collected for at least 5 min and clinical measurements; salivary biomarkers were assessed in automated analyzer. Results: Data showed significant correlation among salivary ACP, AST, LDH, CRE, BUN, UA, and f-Hb and neopterin levels showed higher in group 4 compared with other groups. Conclusion: This study indicated that smoking has several detrimental effects on periodontal tissues. A higher level of salivary biomarkers was seen in smokers with severe periodontitis. Hence, these biomarkers are helpful in future for the earlier detection of periodontal diseases progression and can also be used as potential salivary biomarkers for assessing smoking status and severity in chronic periodontitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:14:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78820b8d37724a78bd9680b9b27fae38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-4863 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:14:32Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care |
| spelling | doaj.art-78820b8d37724a78bd9680b9b27fae382022-12-22T00:10:08ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Family Medicine and Primary Care2249-48632020-01-01921136114210.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_937_19Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel studyAbhilasha S PatilV RanganathC Naresh KumarRajesh NaikAnu Anna JohnShantanu B PharandeBackground: The analysis of salivary enzymes contributes to the clarification of pathogenesis and improvement in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. The present study aimed to examine the prospective association between smoking and periodontal disease progression and the effects of smoking on the following salivary biomarkers related to periodontitis: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea (UA), free-hemoglobin (f-Hb), and neopterin. Materials and Methods: A total of 64 male patients aged 21–60 years were recruited and grouped as Group 1: 16 healthy nonsmokers, who had never smoked. Group 2: 16 smokers with gingivitis. Group 3: 16 smokers with moderate periodontitis. Group 4: 16 smokers with severe periodontitis. Stimulated saliva was collected for at least 5 min and clinical measurements; salivary biomarkers were assessed in automated analyzer. Results: Data showed significant correlation among salivary ACP, AST, LDH, CRE, BUN, UA, and f-Hb and neopterin levels showed higher in group 4 compared with other groups. Conclusion: This study indicated that smoking has several detrimental effects on periodontal tissues. A higher level of salivary biomarkers was seen in smokers with severe periodontitis. Hence, these biomarkers are helpful in future for the earlier detection of periodontal diseases progression and can also be used as potential salivary biomarkers for assessing smoking status and severity in chronic periodontitis.http://www.jfmpc.com/article.asp?issn=2249-4863;year=2020;volume=9;issue=2;spage=1136;epage=1142;aulast=biomarkerschronic periodontitisfree-hemoglobinneopterinsalivasmoking |
| spellingShingle | Abhilasha S Patil V Ranganath C Naresh Kumar Rajesh Naik Anu Anna John Shantanu B Pharande Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care biomarkers chronic periodontitis free-hemoglobin neopterin saliva smoking |
| title | Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study |
| title_full | Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study |
| title_short | Evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers: A novel study |
| title_sort | evaluation of salivary biomarkers of periodontitis among smokers and nonsmokers a novel study |
| topic | biomarkers chronic periodontitis free-hemoglobin neopterin saliva smoking |
| url | http://www.jfmpc.com/article.asp?issn=2249-4863;year=2020;volume=9;issue=2;spage=1136;epage=1142;aulast= |
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