The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS
Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is a pressure-assisted sintering process in which high density and mechanical properties are usually reached. This study applied the SPS to consolidate copper powder using different sintering pressures and pressure routes during holding time or heating. In the first rout...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423013479 |
| _version_ | 1797745197743865856 |
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| author | Francisco Briones Vanessa Seriacopi Carola Martínez José Luis Valin Dany Centeno Izabel Fernanda Machado |
| author_facet | Francisco Briones Vanessa Seriacopi Carola Martínez José Luis Valin Dany Centeno Izabel Fernanda Machado |
| author_sort | Francisco Briones |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is a pressure-assisted sintering process in which high density and mechanical properties are usually reached. This study applied the SPS to consolidate copper powder using different sintering pressures and pressure routes during holding time or heating. In the first route, the pressure was maintained (around 15 MPa) during the heating up to the sintering temperature (650 ºC), and the pressure was increased during the holding time. In the second route, the pressure was raised during the heating and kept constant during holding time at 650 ºC. Three different pressure levels were applied on each route: 110, 65, and 50 MPa. Microstructural evolution was investigated using densification (Archimedes method), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hardness, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The increase in pressure improves the microstructural features. In addition, in the first route, in which higher pressure rates were found, grain growth inhibition was observed, and densification was also improved significantly. The smallest crystallite size and highest microstrain were also observed at higher pressures. The increase in pressure also led to a rise in microhardness (17%), a decrease in pore volume fraction (10.5%), and an increase in pore circularity, causing substantial variations between the microstructures of samples. A finite element method (FEM) analysis was conducted using a thermo-mechanical approach to evaluate the stress distribution in the two different sintering routes. The results agree with the experimental results, and more pronounced effects were found in the first route because of higher compressive stresses, corroborating the results of microstrain and hardness. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:20:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-789dc904aec1406bb03b834fce1d3ef12023-08-11T05:33:33ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542023-07-012524552470The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPSFrancisco Briones0Vanessa Seriacopi1Carola Martínez2José Luis Valin3Dany Centeno4Izabel Fernanda Machado5Departamento de Engenharia Mecatrônica e Sistemas Mecânicos, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 2231, São Paulo, 05508−030, SP, Brazil; Escuela de Ingeniería Mecánica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Los Carrera, Quilpué, 01567, Chile; Corresponding author. Escuela de Ingeniería Mecánica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Los Carrera, Quilpué, 01567, ChileDepartamento de Engenharia Mecatrônica e Sistemas Mecânicos, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 2231, São Paulo, 05508−030, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia, Praça Mauá 01, São Caetano Do Sul, 09580-900, BrazilDepartamento de Ingeniería de Obras Civiles, Universidad de La Frontera, Francisco Salazar, Temuco, 01145, ChileEscuela de Ingeniería Mecánica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Los Carrera, Quilpué, 01567, ChileDepartamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 2463, São Paulo, 05508-030, SP, BrazilDepartamento de Engenharia Mecatrônica e Sistemas Mecânicos, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 2231, São Paulo, 05508−030, SP, BrazilSpark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is a pressure-assisted sintering process in which high density and mechanical properties are usually reached. This study applied the SPS to consolidate copper powder using different sintering pressures and pressure routes during holding time or heating. In the first route, the pressure was maintained (around 15 MPa) during the heating up to the sintering temperature (650 ºC), and the pressure was increased during the holding time. In the second route, the pressure was raised during the heating and kept constant during holding time at 650 ºC. Three different pressure levels were applied on each route: 110, 65, and 50 MPa. Microstructural evolution was investigated using densification (Archimedes method), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hardness, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The increase in pressure improves the microstructural features. In addition, in the first route, in which higher pressure rates were found, grain growth inhibition was observed, and densification was also improved significantly. The smallest crystallite size and highest microstrain were also observed at higher pressures. The increase in pressure also led to a rise in microhardness (17%), a decrease in pore volume fraction (10.5%), and an increase in pore circularity, causing substantial variations between the microstructures of samples. A finite element method (FEM) analysis was conducted using a thermo-mechanical approach to evaluate the stress distribution in the two different sintering routes. The results agree with the experimental results, and more pronounced effects were found in the first route because of higher compressive stresses, corroborating the results of microstrain and hardness.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423013479CopperSPSMicrostructurePressure application route influence |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Briones Vanessa Seriacopi Carola Martínez José Luis Valin Dany Centeno Izabel Fernanda Machado The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS Journal of Materials Research and Technology Copper SPS Microstructure Pressure application route influence |
| title | The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS |
| title_full | The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS |
| title_fullStr | The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS |
| title_short | The effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via SPS |
| title_sort | effects of pressure and pressure routes on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of sintered copper via sps |
| topic | Copper SPS Microstructure Pressure application route influence |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423013479 |
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