Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions
Many types of animal cells exert active, contractile forces and mechanically deform their elastic substrate, to accomplish biological functions such as migration. These substrate deformations provide a mechanism in principle by which cells may sense other cells, leading to long-range mechanical inte...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.876126/full |
| _version_ | 1818443385744130048 |
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| author | Subhaya Bose Patrick S. Noerr Ajay Gopinathan Arvind Gopinath Kinjal Dasbiswas |
| author_facet | Subhaya Bose Patrick S. Noerr Ajay Gopinathan Arvind Gopinath Kinjal Dasbiswas |
| author_sort | Subhaya Bose |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many types of animal cells exert active, contractile forces and mechanically deform their elastic substrate, to accomplish biological functions such as migration. These substrate deformations provide a mechanism in principle by which cells may sense other cells, leading to long-range mechanical inter–cell interactions and possible self-organization. Here, inspired by cell mechanobiology, we propose an active matter model comprising self-propelling particles that interact at a distance through their mutual deformations of an elastic substrate. By combining a minimal model for the motility of individual particles with a linear elastic model that accounts for substrate-mediated, inter–particle interactions, we examine emergent collective states that result from the interplay of motility and long-range elastic dipolar interactions. In particular, we show that particles self-assemble into flexible, motile chains which can cluster to form diverse larger-scale compact structures with polar order. By computing key structural and dynamical metrics, we distinguish between the collective states at weak and strong elastic interaction strength, as well as at low and high motility. We also show how these states are affected by confinement within a channel geometry–an important characteristic of the complex mechanical micro-environment inhabited by cells. Our model predictions may be generally applicable to active matter with dipolar interactions ranging from biological cells to synthetic colloids endowed with electric or magnetic dipole moments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:59:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78a46ea84c1c43a7b2910a060f326a8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-424X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:59:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-78a46ea84c1c43a7b2910a060f326a8c2022-12-21T22:51:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physics2296-424X2022-05-011010.3389/fphy.2022.876126876126Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar InteractionsSubhaya Bose0Patrick S. Noerr1Ajay Gopinathan2Arvind Gopinath3Kinjal Dasbiswas4Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United StatesDepartment of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United StatesDepartment of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United StatesDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United StatesDepartment of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United StatesMany types of animal cells exert active, contractile forces and mechanically deform their elastic substrate, to accomplish biological functions such as migration. These substrate deformations provide a mechanism in principle by which cells may sense other cells, leading to long-range mechanical inter–cell interactions and possible self-organization. Here, inspired by cell mechanobiology, we propose an active matter model comprising self-propelling particles that interact at a distance through their mutual deformations of an elastic substrate. By combining a minimal model for the motility of individual particles with a linear elastic model that accounts for substrate-mediated, inter–particle interactions, we examine emergent collective states that result from the interplay of motility and long-range elastic dipolar interactions. In particular, we show that particles self-assemble into flexible, motile chains which can cluster to form diverse larger-scale compact structures with polar order. By computing key structural and dynamical metrics, we distinguish between the collective states at weak and strong elastic interaction strength, as well as at low and high motility. We also show how these states are affected by confinement within a channel geometry–an important characteristic of the complex mechanical micro-environment inhabited by cells. Our model predictions may be generally applicable to active matter with dipolar interactions ranging from biological cells to synthetic colloids endowed with electric or magnetic dipole moments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.876126/fullmechanobiologycell motilityactive brownian particleactive polymerelastic dipole interactionsself-organisation |
| spellingShingle | Subhaya Bose Patrick S. Noerr Ajay Gopinathan Arvind Gopinath Kinjal Dasbiswas Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions Frontiers in Physics mechanobiology cell motility active brownian particle active polymer elastic dipole interactions self-organisation |
| title | Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions |
| title_full | Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions |
| title_fullStr | Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions |
| title_short | Collective States of Active Particles With Elastic Dipolar Interactions |
| title_sort | collective states of active particles with elastic dipolar interactions |
| topic | mechanobiology cell motility active brownian particle active polymer elastic dipole interactions self-organisation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2022.876126/full |
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