Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD
Abstract Background Omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and derivatives, play a key role in the resolution of inflammation. Higher intake has been linked to decreased morbidity in several diseases, though effects on respi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12890-019-0852-4 |
| _version_ | 1818501703893254144 |
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| author | Chantal M. Lemoine S Emily P. Brigham Han Woo Corrine K. Hanson Meredith C. McCormack Abigail Koch Nirupama Putcha Nadia N. Hansel |
| author_facet | Chantal M. Lemoine S Emily P. Brigham Han Woo Corrine K. Hanson Meredith C. McCormack Abigail Koch Nirupama Putcha Nadia N. Hansel |
| author_sort | Chantal M. Lemoine S |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and derivatives, play a key role in the resolution of inflammation. Higher intake has been linked to decreased morbidity in several diseases, though effects on respiratory diseases like COPD are understudied. Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), with a focus on dietary assessment, provides a unique opportunity to explore relationships between omega-3 intake and morbidity in respiratory diseases marked by inflammation in the United States (US) population. We investigated relationships between ALA or EPA + DHA intake and respiratory symptoms among US adults with COPD, as well as variation in relationships based on personal characteristics or exposures. Results Of 878 participants, mean age was 60.6 years, 48% were current smokers, and 68% completed high school. Omega-3 intake was, 1.71 ± 0.89 g (ALA), and 0.11 ± 0.21 g (EPA + DHA). Logistic regression models, adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index, FEV1, education, smoking status, pack-years, total caloric intake, and omega-6 (linoleic acid, LA) intake demonstrated no primary associations between omega-3 intake and respiratory symptoms. Interaction terms were used to determine potential modification of relationships by personal characteristics (race, gender, education) or exposures (LA intake, smoking status), demonstrating that at lower levels of LA intake, increasing ALA intake was associated with reduced odds of chronic cough (pint = 0.015) and wheeze (pint = 0.037). EPA + DHA, but not ALA, was associated with reduced symptoms only among current smokers who did not complete high school. Conclusions Individual factors should be taken into consideration when studying the association of fatty acid intake on respiratory diseases, as differential responses may reveal susceptible subgroups. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:59:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78c58951c9a14dfa97c4dadfffd0e4e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2466 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:59:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-78c58951c9a14dfa97c4dadfffd0e4e52022-12-22T01:33:51ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662019-05-011911910.1186/s12890-019-0852-4Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPDChantal M. Lemoine S0Emily P. Brigham1Han Woo2Corrine K. Hanson3Meredith C. McCormack4Abigail Koch5Nirupama Putcha6Nadia N. Hansel7Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineAbstract Background Omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and derivatives, play a key role in the resolution of inflammation. Higher intake has been linked to decreased morbidity in several diseases, though effects on respiratory diseases like COPD are understudied. Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), with a focus on dietary assessment, provides a unique opportunity to explore relationships between omega-3 intake and morbidity in respiratory diseases marked by inflammation in the United States (US) population. We investigated relationships between ALA or EPA + DHA intake and respiratory symptoms among US adults with COPD, as well as variation in relationships based on personal characteristics or exposures. Results Of 878 participants, mean age was 60.6 years, 48% were current smokers, and 68% completed high school. Omega-3 intake was, 1.71 ± 0.89 g (ALA), and 0.11 ± 0.21 g (EPA + DHA). Logistic regression models, adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index, FEV1, education, smoking status, pack-years, total caloric intake, and omega-6 (linoleic acid, LA) intake demonstrated no primary associations between omega-3 intake and respiratory symptoms. Interaction terms were used to determine potential modification of relationships by personal characteristics (race, gender, education) or exposures (LA intake, smoking status), demonstrating that at lower levels of LA intake, increasing ALA intake was associated with reduced odds of chronic cough (pint = 0.015) and wheeze (pint = 0.037). EPA + DHA, but not ALA, was associated with reduced symptoms only among current smokers who did not complete high school. Conclusions Individual factors should be taken into consideration when studying the association of fatty acid intake on respiratory diseases, as differential responses may reveal susceptible subgroups.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12890-019-0852-4OmegaFatty acidCOPDEducationSmoking |
| spellingShingle | Chantal M. Lemoine S Emily P. Brigham Han Woo Corrine K. Hanson Meredith C. McCormack Abigail Koch Nirupama Putcha Nadia N. Hansel Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD BMC Pulmonary Medicine Omega Fatty acid COPD Education Smoking |
| title | Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD |
| title_full | Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD |
| title_fullStr | Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD |
| title_short | Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD |
| title_sort | omega 3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among u s adults with copd |
| topic | Omega Fatty acid COPD Education Smoking |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12890-019-0852-4 |
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