Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review
A battery management system (BMS) plays a crucial role to ensure the safety, efficiency, and reliability of a rechargeable Li-ion battery pack. State of charge (SOC) estimation is an important operation within a BMS. Estimated SOC is required in several BMS operations, such as remaining power and mi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6803 |
| _version_ | 1797488783819538432 |
|---|---|
| author | Prarthana Pillai Sneha Sundaresan Pradeep Kumar Krishna R. Pattipati Balakumar Balasingam |
| author_facet | Prarthana Pillai Sneha Sundaresan Pradeep Kumar Krishna R. Pattipati Balakumar Balasingam |
| author_sort | Prarthana Pillai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A battery management system (BMS) plays a crucial role to ensure the safety, efficiency, and reliability of a rechargeable Li-ion battery pack. State of charge (SOC) estimation is an important operation within a BMS. Estimated SOC is required in several BMS operations, such as remaining power and mileage estimation, battery capacity estimation, charge termination, and cell balancing. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) look-up-based SOC estimation approach is widely used in battery management systems. For OCV lookup, the OCV–SOC characteristic is empirically measured and parameterized a priori. The literature shows numerous OCV–SOC models and approaches to characterize them and use them in SOC estimation. However, the selection of an OCV–SOC model must consider several factors: (i) Modeling errors due to approximations, age/temperature effects, and cell-to-cell variations; (ii) Likelihood and severity of errors when the OCV–SOC parameters are rounded; (iii) Computing system requirements to store and process OCV parameters; and (iv) The required computational complexity of real-time OCV lookup algorithms. This paper presents a review of existing OCV–SOC models and proposes a systematic approach to select a suitable OCV–SOC for implementation based on various constraints faced by a BMS designer in practical application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:07:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78d7043a60ea4e3ab38c80720dffc4a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:07:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-78d7043a60ea4e3ab38c80720dffc4a72023-11-23T16:06:05ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-09-011518680310.3390/en15186803Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A ReviewPrarthana Pillai0Sneha Sundaresan1Pradeep Kumar2Krishna R. Pattipati3Balakumar Balasingam4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, CanadaA battery management system (BMS) plays a crucial role to ensure the safety, efficiency, and reliability of a rechargeable Li-ion battery pack. State of charge (SOC) estimation is an important operation within a BMS. Estimated SOC is required in several BMS operations, such as remaining power and mileage estimation, battery capacity estimation, charge termination, and cell balancing. The open-circuit voltage (OCV) look-up-based SOC estimation approach is widely used in battery management systems. For OCV lookup, the OCV–SOC characteristic is empirically measured and parameterized a priori. The literature shows numerous OCV–SOC models and approaches to characterize them and use them in SOC estimation. However, the selection of an OCV–SOC model must consider several factors: (i) Modeling errors due to approximations, age/temperature effects, and cell-to-cell variations; (ii) Likelihood and severity of errors when the OCV–SOC parameters are rounded; (iii) Computing system requirements to store and process OCV parameters; and (iv) The required computational complexity of real-time OCV lookup algorithms. This paper presents a review of existing OCV–SOC models and proposes a systematic approach to select a suitable OCV–SOC for implementation based on various constraints faced by a BMS designer in practical application.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6803battery management systemsLi-ion batterystate-of-charge estimationopen-circuit voltagemodelsCoulomb countingbattery model parameter estimation |
| spellingShingle | Prarthana Pillai Sneha Sundaresan Pradeep Kumar Krishna R. Pattipati Balakumar Balasingam Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review Energies battery management systems Li-ion battery state-of-charge estimation open-circuit voltagemodels Coulomb counting battery model parameter estimation |
| title | Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review |
| title_full | Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review |
| title_short | Open-Circuit Voltage Models for Battery Management Systems: A Review |
| title_sort | open circuit voltage models for battery management systems a review |
| topic | battery management systems Li-ion battery state-of-charge estimation open-circuit voltagemodels Coulomb counting battery model parameter estimation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/18/6803 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT prarthanapillai opencircuitvoltagemodelsforbatterymanagementsystemsareview AT snehasundaresan opencircuitvoltagemodelsforbatterymanagementsystemsareview AT pradeepkumar opencircuitvoltagemodelsforbatterymanagementsystemsareview AT krishnarpattipati opencircuitvoltagemodelsforbatterymanagementsystemsareview AT balakumarbalasingam opencircuitvoltagemodelsforbatterymanagementsystemsareview |