Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater
The citric acid (CA) cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) adsorbent, PVA–CA, was efficiently synthesized and its application to the removal of dyes in water, particularly the cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), was thoroughly investigated. The morphologies and physiochemical characteristics of PVA–CA...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/22/4341 |
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| author | Ye He Yangyang Zheng Xia Liu Chang Liu Huacheng Zhang Jie Han |
| author_facet | Ye He Yangyang Zheng Xia Liu Chang Liu Huacheng Zhang Jie Han |
| author_sort | Ye He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The citric acid (CA) cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) adsorbent, PVA–CA, was efficiently synthesized and its application to the removal of dyes in water, particularly the cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), was thoroughly investigated. The morphologies and physiochemical characteristics of PVA–CA were fully characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, BET, and XPS. The effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, MB concentration, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption performance were compared using controllable methods. The maximum adsorption capacity of PVA–CA was 709.86 mg g<sup>−1</sup> and the removal rate remained high through several adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating that such a composite absorbent has a good adsorption performance and recoverability. Further analysis by the density functional theory (DFT) showed that van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA–CA and MB played significant roles in the adsorption mechanism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:30:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78dc5507d8c440b78fcc9414b902e7b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:30:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-78dc5507d8c440b78fcc9414b902e7b22023-11-24T15:02:15ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-11-011522434110.3390/polym15224341Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye WastewaterYe He0Yangyang Zheng1Xia Liu2Chang Liu3Huacheng Zhang4Jie Han5School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaShandong Nonmetallic Materials Institute, Jinan 250031, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, ChinaThe citric acid (CA) cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) adsorbent, PVA–CA, was efficiently synthesized and its application to the removal of dyes in water, particularly the cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), was thoroughly investigated. The morphologies and physiochemical characteristics of PVA–CA were fully characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, BET, and XPS. The effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, MB concentration, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption performance were compared using controllable methods. The maximum adsorption capacity of PVA–CA was 709.86 mg g<sup>−1</sup> and the removal rate remained high through several adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating that such a composite absorbent has a good adsorption performance and recoverability. Further analysis by the density functional theory (DFT) showed that van der Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA–CA and MB played significant roles in the adsorption mechanism.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/22/4341polyvinyl alcoholcitric acidpolymermethylene blueadsorption mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Ye He Yangyang Zheng Xia Liu Chang Liu Huacheng Zhang Jie Han Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater Polymers polyvinyl alcohol citric acid polymer methylene blue adsorption mechanism |
| title | Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater |
| title_full | Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater |
| title_short | Polyvinyl Alcohol–Citric Acid: A New Material for Green and Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye Wastewater |
| title_sort | polyvinyl alcohol citric acid a new material for green and efficient removal of cationic dye wastewater |
| topic | polyvinyl alcohol citric acid polymer methylene blue adsorption mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/22/4341 |
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