Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with excess mortality worldwide. The cardiovascular system is the second most common target of SARS-CoV-2, which leads to severe complications, including acute myocardia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6607 |
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| author | Marios Sagris Panagiotis Theofilis Alexios S. Antonopoulos Costas Tsioufis Evangelos Oikonomou Charalambos Antoniades Filippo Crea Juan Carlos Kaski Dimitris Tousoulis |
| author_facet | Marios Sagris Panagiotis Theofilis Alexios S. Antonopoulos Costas Tsioufis Evangelos Oikonomou Charalambos Antoniades Filippo Crea Juan Carlos Kaski Dimitris Tousoulis |
| author_sort | Marios Sagris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with excess mortality worldwide. The cardiovascular system is the second most common target of SARS-CoV-2, which leads to severe complications, including acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism, as well as other major thrombotic events because of direct endothelial injury and an excessive systemic inflammatory response. This review focuses on the similarities and the differences of inflammatory pathways involved in COVID-19 and atherosclerosis. Anti-inflammatory agents and immunomodulators have recently been assessed, which may constitute rational treatments for the reduction of cardiovascular events in both COVID-19 and atherosclerotic heart disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:13:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78e157139b7049dea4edc4b830832ca8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:13:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-78e157139b7049dea4edc4b830832ca82023-11-22T00:58:04ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-06-012212660710.3390/ijms22126607Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical PerspectivesMarios Sagris0Panagiotis Theofilis1Alexios S. Antonopoulos2Costas Tsioufis3Evangelos Oikonomou4Charalambos Antoniades5Filippo Crea6Juan Carlos Kaski7Dimitris Tousoulis81st Cardiology Department, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Cardiology Department, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Cardiology Department, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Cardiology Department, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Cardiology Department, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceRadcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UKDepartment of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, ItalyMolecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK1st Cardiology Department, ‘Hippokration’ General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with excess mortality worldwide. The cardiovascular system is the second most common target of SARS-CoV-2, which leads to severe complications, including acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism, as well as other major thrombotic events because of direct endothelial injury and an excessive systemic inflammatory response. This review focuses on the similarities and the differences of inflammatory pathways involved in COVID-19 and atherosclerosis. Anti-inflammatory agents and immunomodulators have recently been assessed, which may constitute rational treatments for the reduction of cardiovascular events in both COVID-19 and atherosclerotic heart disease.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6607COVID-19SARS-CoV-2atherosclerosisinflammationanti-inflammatory treatment |
| spellingShingle | Marios Sagris Panagiotis Theofilis Alexios S. Antonopoulos Costas Tsioufis Evangelos Oikonomou Charalambos Antoniades Filippo Crea Juan Carlos Kaski Dimitris Tousoulis Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives International Journal of Molecular Sciences COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 atherosclerosis inflammation anti-inflammatory treatment |
| title | Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives |
| title_full | Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives |
| title_short | Inflammatory Mechanisms in COVID-19 and Atherosclerosis: Current Pharmaceutical Perspectives |
| title_sort | inflammatory mechanisms in covid 19 and atherosclerosis current pharmaceutical perspectives |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 atherosclerosis inflammation anti-inflammatory treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6607 |
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