Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia
Abstract Coevolutionary host–parasite “arms races” can be disrupted by new evolutionary forces imposed by biological invasions, affecting both host and parasite densities, as well as their traits. The spread of cane toads (Rhinella marina) and their parasitic lungworm (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala)...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9220 |
| _version_ | 1811213058761031680 |
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| author | Lia Schlippe Justicia Martin Mayer Richard Shine Cathy Shilton Gregory P. Brown |
| author_facet | Lia Schlippe Justicia Martin Mayer Richard Shine Cathy Shilton Gregory P. Brown |
| author_sort | Lia Schlippe Justicia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Coevolutionary host–parasite “arms races” can be disrupted by new evolutionary forces imposed by biological invasions, affecting both host and parasite densities, as well as their traits. The spread of cane toads (Rhinella marina) and their parasitic lungworm (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) across tropical Australia provides an ideal opportunity to study a perturbed host–parasite system. We conducted a cross‐infection experiment using common‐garden‐reared toads and lungworms from three regions (comprising long‐established, intermediate, and recently invaded sites across tropical Australia) to quantify traits of the parasite (infectivity and virulence) and the host (resistance and tolerance). Specifically, we assessed whether patterns of host–parasite co‐adaptation were better explained by spatial distances versus time since the separation of host and parasite populations. Infection success was highest when toads from long‐established populations were exposed to lungworms from close to the invasion front and lowest when frontal toads were exposed to parasites from older populations. This suggests that both parasite infectivity and host resistance have increased over the course of invasion. In contrast, most virulence/tolerance traits have not consistently increased or decreased during invasion. Higher parasite burdens were associated with increased feeding performance in toads and faster growth in lungworms, counter‐intuitive results that suggest host manipulation by the parasite. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:41:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78e5fa0ceb7c43dbae34345978655ae0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:41:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-78e5fa0ceb7c43dbae34345978655ae02022-12-22T03:45:39ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582022-08-01128n/an/a10.1002/ece3.9220Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of AustraliaLia Schlippe Justicia0Martin Mayer1Richard Shine2Cathy Shilton3Gregory P. Brown4Department of Animal Biology University of La Laguna Tenerife SpainDepartment of Ecoscience Aarhus University Aarhus DenmarkSchool of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales AustraliaBerrimah Veterinary Laboratories Northern Territory Government Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade Darwin City Northern Territory AustraliaSchool of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales AustraliaAbstract Coevolutionary host–parasite “arms races” can be disrupted by new evolutionary forces imposed by biological invasions, affecting both host and parasite densities, as well as their traits. The spread of cane toads (Rhinella marina) and their parasitic lungworm (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) across tropical Australia provides an ideal opportunity to study a perturbed host–parasite system. We conducted a cross‐infection experiment using common‐garden‐reared toads and lungworms from three regions (comprising long‐established, intermediate, and recently invaded sites across tropical Australia) to quantify traits of the parasite (infectivity and virulence) and the host (resistance and tolerance). Specifically, we assessed whether patterns of host–parasite co‐adaptation were better explained by spatial distances versus time since the separation of host and parasite populations. Infection success was highest when toads from long‐established populations were exposed to lungworms from close to the invasion front and lowest when frontal toads were exposed to parasites from older populations. This suggests that both parasite infectivity and host resistance have increased over the course of invasion. In contrast, most virulence/tolerance traits have not consistently increased or decreased during invasion. Higher parasite burdens were associated with increased feeding performance in toads and faster growth in lungworms, counter‐intuitive results that suggest host manipulation by the parasite.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9220Bufo marinusinfectivityvirulenceresistancetolerancepathogen |
| spellingShingle | Lia Schlippe Justicia Martin Mayer Richard Shine Cathy Shilton Gregory P. Brown Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia Ecology and Evolution Bufo marinus infectivity virulence resistance tolerance pathogen |
| title | Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia |
| title_full | Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia |
| title_fullStr | Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia |
| title_short | Divergence in host–parasite interactions during the cane toad's invasion of Australia |
| title_sort | divergence in host parasite interactions during the cane toad s invasion of australia |
| topic | Bufo marinus infectivity virulence resistance tolerance pathogen |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9220 |
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