Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome
Metabolomics has provided new insight into the biology that drives the phenotype of stem cells. During the recent years, metabolic circuits of embryonic and neural stem cells (NSCs) have been better elucidated. Many factors contribute to stem cell determination fate: metabolism, transcriptional sign...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hygeia Press di Corridori Marinella
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/382 |
| _version_ | 1818967223769759744 |
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| author | Maria Antonietta Marcialis Elisabetta Coni Maria Cristina Pintus Alberto Ravarino Vassilios Fanos Carlo Coni Gavino Faa |
| author_facet | Maria Antonietta Marcialis Elisabetta Coni Maria Cristina Pintus Alberto Ravarino Vassilios Fanos Carlo Coni Gavino Faa |
| author_sort | Maria Antonietta Marcialis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metabolomics has provided new insight into the biology that drives the phenotype of stem cells. During the recent years, metabolic circuits of embryonic and neural stem cells (NSCs) have been better elucidated. Many factors contribute to stem cell determination fate: metabolism, transcriptional signaling, epigenetics, extrinsic mechanisms such as short-range signals from the niche and humoral signals. The metabolism decides if a cell proliferates, differentiates or remains quiescent. Embryonic and adult NSCs share two features: they generate at least one daughter cell and can differentiate into specialized cells. NSCs use different pathways depending on their stage of differentiation: glycolysis is highest in proliferating stem cells and it is essential for stemness. Conversely, oxidative phosphorylation supports differentiated cells. Moreover, lipid metabolism maintains proliferation and neurogenesis; indeed, fatty acid oxidation and fatty acid synthesis represent a component of stem cell fate regulation.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Course on Perinatal Pathology (part of the 11th International Workshop on Neonatology · October 26th-31st, 2015) · Cagliari (Italy) · October 31st, 2015 · Stem cells: present and future
Guest Editors: Gavino Faa, Vassilios Fanos, Antonio Giordano |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:45:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78f6ecaa0b824d45b4d9f33e0ef06517 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2281-0692 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T13:45:23Z |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | Hygeia Press di Corridori Marinella |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-78f6ecaa0b824d45b4d9f33e0ef065172022-12-21T19:38:42ZengHygeia Press di Corridori MarinellaJournal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine2281-06922016-07-0152e050215e05021510.7363/050215322Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolomeMaria Antonietta Marcialis0Elisabetta Coni1Maria Cristina Pintus2Alberto Ravarino3Vassilios Fanos4Carlo Coni5Gavino Faa6Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyInstitute of Pathology, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyInstitute of Pathology, AOU and University of Cagliari, ItalyMetabolomics has provided new insight into the biology that drives the phenotype of stem cells. During the recent years, metabolic circuits of embryonic and neural stem cells (NSCs) have been better elucidated. Many factors contribute to stem cell determination fate: metabolism, transcriptional signaling, epigenetics, extrinsic mechanisms such as short-range signals from the niche and humoral signals. The metabolism decides if a cell proliferates, differentiates or remains quiescent. Embryonic and adult NSCs share two features: they generate at least one daughter cell and can differentiate into specialized cells. NSCs use different pathways depending on their stage of differentiation: glycolysis is highest in proliferating stem cells and it is essential for stemness. Conversely, oxidative phosphorylation supports differentiated cells. Moreover, lipid metabolism maintains proliferation and neurogenesis; indeed, fatty acid oxidation and fatty acid synthesis represent a component of stem cell fate regulation. Proceedings of the 2nd International Course on Perinatal Pathology (part of the 11th International Workshop on Neonatology · October 26th-31st, 2015) · Cagliari (Italy) · October 31st, 2015 · Stem cells: present and future Guest Editors: Gavino Faa, Vassilios Fanos, Antonio Giordanohttps://www.jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/382neural stem cellsmetabolomicsmetabolismneurogenesismitochondria |
| spellingShingle | Maria Antonietta Marcialis Elisabetta Coni Maria Cristina Pintus Alberto Ravarino Vassilios Fanos Carlo Coni Gavino Faa Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine neural stem cells metabolomics metabolism neurogenesis mitochondria |
| title | Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome |
| title_full | Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome |
| title_short | Introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells: from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome |
| title_sort | introduction to embryonic and adult neural stem cells from the metabolic circuits of the niches to the metabolome |
| topic | neural stem cells metabolomics metabolism neurogenesis mitochondria |
| url | https://www.jpnim.com/index.php/jpnim/article/view/382 |
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