Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape

Despite the commercial importance of the Concord grape, its origin has remained unresolved for over 150 years without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In this study we aimed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Concord grape using sequence data from four nuclear markers (AT103, GAI1,...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jun Wen, Sterling A. Herron, Xue Yang, Bin-Bin Liu, Yun-Juan Zuo, AJ Harris, Yash Kalburgi, Gabriel Johnson, Elizabeth A. Zimmer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Plant Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.00263/full
_version_ 1819045560808636416
author Jun Wen
Sterling A. Herron
Xue Yang
Bin-Bin Liu
Bin-Bin Liu
Yun-Juan Zuo
AJ Harris
AJ Harris
Yash Kalburgi
Gabriel Johnson
Elizabeth A. Zimmer
author_facet Jun Wen
Sterling A. Herron
Xue Yang
Bin-Bin Liu
Bin-Bin Liu
Yun-Juan Zuo
AJ Harris
AJ Harris
Yash Kalburgi
Gabriel Johnson
Elizabeth A. Zimmer
author_sort Jun Wen
collection DOAJ
description Despite the commercial importance of the Concord grape, its origin has remained unresolved for over 150 years without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In this study we aimed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Concord grape using sequence data from four nuclear markers (AT103, GAI1, PHYA, and SQD1), six plastid markers (matK, psbA-trnH, petN-trnC, ycf1, trnL-F, and trnS-G), and the plastid genome. We sampled extensively the Vitis species native to northeastern North America as well as representative species from Europe and Asia, including the commercially important Vitis vinifera (wine grape), a native European species with hermaphroditic flowers, and its wild progenitor, V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris. We also sequenced the plastid genome of one accession of the Concord grape and compared the plastid genome data to the recently published data set of Vitis plastomes. Phylogenetic analyses of the plastid and nuclear data using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference support the hybrid origin of the Concord grape. The results clearly pinpoint the wine grape, V. vinifera, as the maternal donor and the fox grape, Vitis labrusca, which is common in northeastern North America, as the paternal donor. Moreover, we infer that the breeding history of the Concord grape must have involved the backcrossing of the F1 hybrid with the paternal parent V. labrusca. This backcrossing also explains the higher morphological similarity of the Concord grape to V. labrusca than to V. vinifera. This study provides concrete genetic evidence for the hybrid origin of a widespread Vitis cultivar and is, therefore, promising for similar future studies focused on resolving ambiguous origins of major crops or to create successful hybrid fruit crops.
first_indexed 2024-12-21T10:30:31Z
format Article
id doaj.art-78fd60007c47475fa89baa98aec2d413
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 1664-462X
language English
last_indexed 2024-12-21T10:30:31Z
publishDate 2020-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Plant Science
spelling doaj.art-78fd60007c47475fa89baa98aec2d4132022-12-21T19:07:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2020-03-011110.3389/fpls.2020.00263504315Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord GrapeJun Wen0Sterling A. Herron1Xue Yang2Bin-Bin Liu3Bin-Bin Liu4Yun-Juan Zuo5AJ Harris6AJ Harris7Yash Kalburgi8Gabriel Johnson9Elizabeth A. Zimmer10Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United StatesDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, United StatesAgriculture School, Kunming University, Kunming, ChinaDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United StatesState Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, ChinaDepartment of Biology, Oberlin College and Conservatory, Oberlin, OH, United StatesKey Laboratory for Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United StatesDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United StatesDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United StatesDespite the commercial importance of the Concord grape, its origin has remained unresolved for over 150 years without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In this study we aimed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Concord grape using sequence data from four nuclear markers (AT103, GAI1, PHYA, and SQD1), six plastid markers (matK, psbA-trnH, petN-trnC, ycf1, trnL-F, and trnS-G), and the plastid genome. We sampled extensively the Vitis species native to northeastern North America as well as representative species from Europe and Asia, including the commercially important Vitis vinifera (wine grape), a native European species with hermaphroditic flowers, and its wild progenitor, V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris. We also sequenced the plastid genome of one accession of the Concord grape and compared the plastid genome data to the recently published data set of Vitis plastomes. Phylogenetic analyses of the plastid and nuclear data using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference support the hybrid origin of the Concord grape. The results clearly pinpoint the wine grape, V. vinifera, as the maternal donor and the fox grape, Vitis labrusca, which is common in northeastern North America, as the paternal donor. Moreover, we infer that the breeding history of the Concord grape must have involved the backcrossing of the F1 hybrid with the paternal parent V. labrusca. This backcrossing also explains the higher morphological similarity of the Concord grape to V. labrusca than to V. vinifera. This study provides concrete genetic evidence for the hybrid origin of a widespread Vitis cultivar and is, therefore, promising for similar future studies focused on resolving ambiguous origins of major crops or to create successful hybrid fruit crops.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.00263/fullConcord grapegrapeoriginVitisVitaceae
spellingShingle Jun Wen
Sterling A. Herron
Xue Yang
Bin-Bin Liu
Bin-Bin Liu
Yun-Juan Zuo
AJ Harris
AJ Harris
Yash Kalburgi
Gabriel Johnson
Elizabeth A. Zimmer
Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape
Frontiers in Plant Science
Concord grape
grape
origin
Vitis
Vitaceae
title Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape
title_full Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape
title_fullStr Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape
title_full_unstemmed Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape
title_short Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape
title_sort nuclear and chloroplast sequences resolve the enigmatic origin of the concord grape
topic Concord grape
grape
origin
Vitis
Vitaceae
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.00263/full
work_keys_str_mv AT junwen nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT sterlingaherron nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT xueyang nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT binbinliu nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT binbinliu nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT yunjuanzuo nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT ajharris nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT ajharris nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT yashkalburgi nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT gabrieljohnson nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape
AT elizabethazimmer nuclearandchloroplastsequencesresolvetheenigmaticoriginoftheconcordgrape