Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts

Aerobic physical training reduces arterial pressure in patients with hypertension owing to integrative systemic adaptations. One of the key factors is the decrease in cardiac sympathetic influence. Thus, we hypothesized that among other causes, cardiac sympathetic influence reduction might be associ...

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Main Authors: Suenimeire Vieira, Bruno A. Aguilar, Ana Catarine Veiga, Stella V. Philbois, Ana Caroline S. Freitas, Karine P. Rodrigues, Jens Tank, Hugo C. D. Souza
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Physiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.920196/full
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author Suenimeire Vieira
Bruno A. Aguilar
Ana Catarine Veiga
Stella V. Philbois
Ana Caroline S. Freitas
Karine P. Rodrigues
Jens Tank
Hugo C. D. Souza
author_facet Suenimeire Vieira
Bruno A. Aguilar
Ana Catarine Veiga
Stella V. Philbois
Ana Caroline S. Freitas
Karine P. Rodrigues
Jens Tank
Hugo C. D. Souza
author_sort Suenimeire Vieira
collection DOAJ
description Aerobic physical training reduces arterial pressure in patients with hypertension owing to integrative systemic adaptations. One of the key factors is the decrease in cardiac sympathetic influence. Thus, we hypothesized that among other causes, cardiac sympathetic influence reduction might be associated with intrinsic cardiac adaptations that provide greater efficiency. Therefore, 14 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR group) and 14 normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY group) were used in this study. Half of the rats in each group were trained to swim for 12 weeks. All animals underwent the following experimental protocols: double blockade of cardiac autonomic receptors with atropine and propranolol; echocardiography; and analysis of coronary bed reactivity and left ventricle contractility using the Langendorff technique. The untrained SHR group had a higher sympathetic tone, cardiac hypertrophy, and reduced ejection fraction compared with the untrained WKY group. In addition, reduced coronary bed reactivity due to increased flow, and less ventricular contractile response to dobutamine and salbutamol administration were observed. The trained SHR group showed fewer differences in echocardiographic parameters as the untrained SHR group. However, the trained SHR group showed a reduction in the cardiac sympathetic influence, greater coronary bed reactivity, and increased left intraventricular pressure. In conclusion, aerobic physical training seems to reduce cardiac sympathetic influence and increase contractile strength in SHR rats, besides the minimal effects on cardiac morphology. This reduction suggests intrinsic cardiac adaptations resulting in beneficial adjustments of coronary bed reactivity associated with greater left ventricular contraction.
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spelling doaj.art-7907fd4f22854ce7b070721958d32d452022-12-22T01:42:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2022-08-011310.3389/fphys.2022.920196920196Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive heartsSuenimeire Vieira0Bruno A. Aguilar1Ana Catarine Veiga2Stella V. Philbois3Ana Caroline S. Freitas4Karine P. Rodrigues5Jens Tank6Hugo C. D. Souza7Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilInstitute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilAerobic physical training reduces arterial pressure in patients with hypertension owing to integrative systemic adaptations. One of the key factors is the decrease in cardiac sympathetic influence. Thus, we hypothesized that among other causes, cardiac sympathetic influence reduction might be associated with intrinsic cardiac adaptations that provide greater efficiency. Therefore, 14 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR group) and 14 normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY group) were used in this study. Half of the rats in each group were trained to swim for 12 weeks. All animals underwent the following experimental protocols: double blockade of cardiac autonomic receptors with atropine and propranolol; echocardiography; and analysis of coronary bed reactivity and left ventricle contractility using the Langendorff technique. The untrained SHR group had a higher sympathetic tone, cardiac hypertrophy, and reduced ejection fraction compared with the untrained WKY group. In addition, reduced coronary bed reactivity due to increased flow, and less ventricular contractile response to dobutamine and salbutamol administration were observed. The trained SHR group showed fewer differences in echocardiographic parameters as the untrained SHR group. However, the trained SHR group showed a reduction in the cardiac sympathetic influence, greater coronary bed reactivity, and increased left intraventricular pressure. In conclusion, aerobic physical training seems to reduce cardiac sympathetic influence and increase contractile strength in SHR rats, besides the minimal effects on cardiac morphology. This reduction suggests intrinsic cardiac adaptations resulting in beneficial adjustments of coronary bed reactivity associated with greater left ventricular contraction.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.920196/fullhypertensionautonomic nervous systemcardiac adaptationsphysical trainingexperimental study
spellingShingle Suenimeire Vieira
Bruno A. Aguilar
Ana Catarine Veiga
Stella V. Philbois
Ana Caroline S. Freitas
Karine P. Rodrigues
Jens Tank
Hugo C. D. Souza
Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
Frontiers in Physiology
hypertension
autonomic nervous system
cardiac adaptations
physical training
experimental study
title Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
title_full Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
title_fullStr Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
title_full_unstemmed Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
title_short Integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
title_sort integrative physiological study of adaptations induced by aerobic physical training in hypertensive hearts
topic hypertension
autonomic nervous system
cardiac adaptations
physical training
experimental study
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.920196/full
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