Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity
Nonbinary individuals, or those who identify outside of the traditional gender binary, are currently present in up to 9% of the general population of youth or up to 55% of gender-diverse youth. Despite the high numbers of nonbinary individuals, this population continues to experience barriers to hea...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/20420188231160405 |
| _version_ | 1797856017816485888 |
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| author | Juanita K. Hodax Sara DiVall |
| author_facet | Juanita K. Hodax Sara DiVall |
| author_sort | Juanita K. Hodax |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nonbinary individuals, or those who identify outside of the traditional gender binary, are currently present in up to 9% of the general population of youth or up to 55% of gender-diverse youth. Despite the high numbers of nonbinary individuals, this population continues to experience barriers to healthcare due to providers’ inability to see beyond the transgender binary and lack of competence in providing nonbinary care. In this narrative review, we discuss using embodiment goals to individualize care of nonbinary individuals, and review hormonal and nonhormonal treatment options for gender affirmation. Hormonal treatments include those often used in binary transgender individuals, such as testosterone, estradiol, and anti-androgens, but with adjustments to dosing or timeline to best meet a nonbinary individual’s embodiment goals. Less commonly used medications such as selective estrogen receptor antagonists are also discussed. For nonhormonal options, alterations in gender expression such as chest binding, tucking and packing genitalia, and voice training may be beneficial, as well as gender-affirming surgeries. Many of these treatments lack research specific to nonbinary individuals and especially nonbinary youth, and future research is needed to ensure safety and efficacy of gender-affirming care in this population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:33:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7909f7cada284d31a08d50098a41c0f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2042-0196 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:33:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-7909f7cada284d31a08d50098a41c0f32023-03-30T12:03:19ZengSAGE PublishingTherapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism2042-01962023-03-011410.1177/20420188231160405Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identityJuanita K. HodaxSara DiVallNonbinary individuals, or those who identify outside of the traditional gender binary, are currently present in up to 9% of the general population of youth or up to 55% of gender-diverse youth. Despite the high numbers of nonbinary individuals, this population continues to experience barriers to healthcare due to providers’ inability to see beyond the transgender binary and lack of competence in providing nonbinary care. In this narrative review, we discuss using embodiment goals to individualize care of nonbinary individuals, and review hormonal and nonhormonal treatment options for gender affirmation. Hormonal treatments include those often used in binary transgender individuals, such as testosterone, estradiol, and anti-androgens, but with adjustments to dosing or timeline to best meet a nonbinary individual’s embodiment goals. Less commonly used medications such as selective estrogen receptor antagonists are also discussed. For nonhormonal options, alterations in gender expression such as chest binding, tucking and packing genitalia, and voice training may be beneficial, as well as gender-affirming surgeries. Many of these treatments lack research specific to nonbinary individuals and especially nonbinary youth, and future research is needed to ensure safety and efficacy of gender-affirming care in this population.https://doi.org/10.1177/20420188231160405 |
| spellingShingle | Juanita K. Hodax Sara DiVall Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| title | Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |
| title_full | Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |
| title_fullStr | Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |
| title_short | Gender-affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |
| title_sort | gender affirming endocrine care for youth with a nonbinary gender identity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/20420188231160405 |
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