Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats
Abstract Viruses contribute to food web dynamics and nutrient cycles in diverse ecosystems, yet the biogeographical patterns that underlie these viral dynamics are poorly understood, particularly in soil. Here, we identified trends in soil viral community composition in relation to habitat, moisture...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | ISME Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43705-022-00171-y |
| _version_ | 1797226832511107072 |
|---|---|
| author | Devyn M. Durham Ella T. Sieradzki Anneliek M. ter Horst Christian Santos-Medellín C. Winston A. Bess Sara E. Geonczy Joanne B. Emerson |
| author_facet | Devyn M. Durham Ella T. Sieradzki Anneliek M. ter Horst Christian Santos-Medellín C. Winston A. Bess Sara E. Geonczy Joanne B. Emerson |
| author_sort | Devyn M. Durham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Viruses contribute to food web dynamics and nutrient cycles in diverse ecosystems, yet the biogeographical patterns that underlie these viral dynamics are poorly understood, particularly in soil. Here, we identified trends in soil viral community composition in relation to habitat, moisture content, and physical distance. We generated 30 soil viromes from four distinct habitats (wetlands, grasslands, woodlands, and chaparral) by selectively capturing virus-sized particles prior to DNA extraction, and we recovered 3432 unique viral ‘species’ (dsDNA vOTUs). Viral communities differed significantly by soil moisture content, with viral richness generally higher in wet compared to dry soil habitats. However, vOTUs were rarely shared between viromes, including replicates <10 m apart, suggesting that soil viruses may not disperse well and that future soil viral community sampling strategies may need to account for extreme community differences over small spatial scales. Of the 19% of vOTUs detected in more than one virome, 93% were from the same habitat and site, suggesting greater viral community similarity in closer proximity and under similar environmental conditions. Within-habitat differences indicate that extensive sampling would be required for rigorous cross-habitat comparisons, and results highlight emerging paradigms of high viral activity in wet soils and soil viral community spatial heterogeneity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:31:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-791b45a66f744362abde87ab10efe4ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2730-6151 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:31:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ISME Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-791b45a66f744362abde87ab10efe4ca2024-04-03T02:12:15ZengOxford University PressISME Communications2730-61512022-10-01211510.1038/s43705-022-00171-ySubstantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitatsDevyn M. Durham0Ella T. Sieradzki1Anneliek M. ter Horst2Christian Santos-Medellín3C. Winston A. Bess4Sara E. Geonczy5Joanne B. Emerson6Department of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California DavisAbstract Viruses contribute to food web dynamics and nutrient cycles in diverse ecosystems, yet the biogeographical patterns that underlie these viral dynamics are poorly understood, particularly in soil. Here, we identified trends in soil viral community composition in relation to habitat, moisture content, and physical distance. We generated 30 soil viromes from four distinct habitats (wetlands, grasslands, woodlands, and chaparral) by selectively capturing virus-sized particles prior to DNA extraction, and we recovered 3432 unique viral ‘species’ (dsDNA vOTUs). Viral communities differed significantly by soil moisture content, with viral richness generally higher in wet compared to dry soil habitats. However, vOTUs were rarely shared between viromes, including replicates <10 m apart, suggesting that soil viruses may not disperse well and that future soil viral community sampling strategies may need to account for extreme community differences over small spatial scales. Of the 19% of vOTUs detected in more than one virome, 93% were from the same habitat and site, suggesting greater viral community similarity in closer proximity and under similar environmental conditions. Within-habitat differences indicate that extensive sampling would be required for rigorous cross-habitat comparisons, and results highlight emerging paradigms of high viral activity in wet soils and soil viral community spatial heterogeneity.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43705-022-00171-y |
| spellingShingle | Devyn M. Durham Ella T. Sieradzki Anneliek M. ter Horst Christian Santos-Medellín C. Winston A. Bess Sara E. Geonczy Joanne B. Emerson Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats ISME Communications |
| title | Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats |
| title_full | Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats |
| title_fullStr | Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats |
| title_short | Substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four Northern California habitats |
| title_sort | substantial differences in soil viral community composition within and among four northern california habitats |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43705-022-00171-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT devynmdurham substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats AT ellatsieradzki substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats AT anneliekmterhorst substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats AT christiansantosmedellin substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats AT cwinstonabess substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats AT saraegeonczy substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats AT joannebemerson substantialdifferencesinsoilviralcommunitycompositionwithinandamongfournortherncaliforniahabitats |