Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging
Abstract Background Hepatosplenic lesion formation is one of the typical clinical symptoms of schistosomiasis japonica. Although it is established that circum-oval granuloma formation mediated by T lymphocytes is the key event triggering the formation of hepatic lesions, the time-course kinetics of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Health |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41182-017-0082-5 |
| _version_ | 1819240874996924416 |
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| author | Katsumi Maezawa Rieko Furushima-Shimogawara Akio Yasukawa Nobuo Ohta Shiro Iwanaga |
| author_facet | Katsumi Maezawa Rieko Furushima-Shimogawara Akio Yasukawa Nobuo Ohta Shiro Iwanaga |
| author_sort | Katsumi Maezawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hepatosplenic lesion formation is one of the typical clinical symptoms of schistosomiasis japonica. Although it is established that circum-oval granuloma formation mediated by T lymphocytes is the key event triggering the formation of hepatic lesions, the time-course kinetics of disease progression remains to be fully elucidated. Methods The real-time process of the pathophysiology of schistosomiasis japonica from the early to late clinical phase was non-invasively observed in a murine experimental infection model using high-resolution ultrasonography. Together with clinical parameters, including body weight and the levels of serum markers of hepatic damage or fibrosis, ultrasonography was used to assess changes in the liver parenchyma and diameter of the portal vein and portal blood flow velocity. In parallel, parasitological parameters were observed, including egg number in the feces and maturation of parasites. Results Abnormal high-echo spot patterns in the liver parenchyma, reflecting hepatic fibrosis in ultrasonography, appeared in the liver at 4 weeks post-infection and the pattern became more enlarged and severe over time. This finding was concordant with parasite maturation and initial egg excretion. The serum M2BPGi level markedly increased from 8 weeks post-infection, suggesting sharp deterioration of hepatic fibrosis. At the same time, the diameter of the portal vein, reflecting portal hypertension, became enlarged and reached the peak level at 8 weeks post-infection. Ascites were apparent around the spleen at 9 weeks post-infection, and dilatation of the splenic vein was noted at 10 weeks post-infection. Live adult worms seemed to be detected in the portal vein at 4 weeks post-infection by ultrasonography. Conclusions We obtained real-time imaging of the development of hepatosplenic lesions of schistosomiasis japonica in mice. The time-course kinetics of the onset, development, and modulation of each symptom was uncovered. These results are expected to provide new clues for understanding the pathophysiology of human schistosomiasis japonica. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:14:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-791d95fb2fa7471bb634328852942915 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1349-4147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:14:57Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-791d95fb2fa7471bb6343288529429152022-12-21T17:43:56ZengBMCTropical Medicine and Health1349-41472018-01-0146111010.1186/s41182-017-0082-5Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imagingKatsumi Maezawa0Rieko Furushima-Shimogawara1Akio Yasukawa2Nobuo Ohta3Shiro Iwanaga4Department of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDepartment of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNishiogi Veterinary Medical HospitalDepartment of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDepartment of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesAbstract Background Hepatosplenic lesion formation is one of the typical clinical symptoms of schistosomiasis japonica. Although it is established that circum-oval granuloma formation mediated by T lymphocytes is the key event triggering the formation of hepatic lesions, the time-course kinetics of disease progression remains to be fully elucidated. Methods The real-time process of the pathophysiology of schistosomiasis japonica from the early to late clinical phase was non-invasively observed in a murine experimental infection model using high-resolution ultrasonography. Together with clinical parameters, including body weight and the levels of serum markers of hepatic damage or fibrosis, ultrasonography was used to assess changes in the liver parenchyma and diameter of the portal vein and portal blood flow velocity. In parallel, parasitological parameters were observed, including egg number in the feces and maturation of parasites. Results Abnormal high-echo spot patterns in the liver parenchyma, reflecting hepatic fibrosis in ultrasonography, appeared in the liver at 4 weeks post-infection and the pattern became more enlarged and severe over time. This finding was concordant with parasite maturation and initial egg excretion. The serum M2BPGi level markedly increased from 8 weeks post-infection, suggesting sharp deterioration of hepatic fibrosis. At the same time, the diameter of the portal vein, reflecting portal hypertension, became enlarged and reached the peak level at 8 weeks post-infection. Ascites were apparent around the spleen at 9 weeks post-infection, and dilatation of the splenic vein was noted at 10 weeks post-infection. Live adult worms seemed to be detected in the portal vein at 4 weeks post-infection by ultrasonography. Conclusions We obtained real-time imaging of the development of hepatosplenic lesions of schistosomiasis japonica in mice. The time-course kinetics of the onset, development, and modulation of each symptom was uncovered. These results are expected to provide new clues for understanding the pathophysiology of human schistosomiasis japonica.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41182-017-0082-5Schistosoma japonicumSchistosomiasisUltrasonographyNon-invasive observationLiver fibrosisPortal hypertension |
| spellingShingle | Katsumi Maezawa Rieko Furushima-Shimogawara Akio Yasukawa Nobuo Ohta Shiro Iwanaga Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging Tropical Medicine and Health Schistosoma japonicum Schistosomiasis Ultrasonography Non-invasive observation Liver fibrosis Portal hypertension |
| title | Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging |
| title_full | Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging |
| title_fullStr | Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging |
| title_short | Real-time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection using high-resolution ultrasound imaging |
| title_sort | real time observation of pathophysiological processes during murine experimental schistosoma japonicum infection using high resolution ultrasound imaging |
| topic | Schistosoma japonicum Schistosomiasis Ultrasonography Non-invasive observation Liver fibrosis Portal hypertension |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41182-017-0082-5 |
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