Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model
Epileptic seizures result from abnormal brain activity and can affect motor, autonomic and sensory function; as well as, memory, cognition, behavior, or emotional state. Effective anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are available but have tolerability issues due to their side effects. The Malaysian herb Ort...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00139/full |
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| author | Brandon Kar Meng Choo Brandon Kar Meng Choo Uday P. Kundap Yatinesh Kumari Seow-Mun Hue Iekhsan Othman Mohd Farooq Shaikh |
| author_facet | Brandon Kar Meng Choo Brandon Kar Meng Choo Uday P. Kundap Yatinesh Kumari Seow-Mun Hue Iekhsan Othman Mohd Farooq Shaikh |
| author_sort | Brandon Kar Meng Choo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epileptic seizures result from abnormal brain activity and can affect motor, autonomic and sensory function; as well as, memory, cognition, behavior, or emotional state. Effective anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are available but have tolerability issues due to their side effects. The Malaysian herb Orthosiphon stamineus, is a traditional epilepsy remedy and possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenging abilities, all of which are known to protect against seizures. This experiment thus aimed to explore if an ethanolic leaf extract of O. stamineus has the potential to be a novel symptomatic treatment for epileptic seizures in a zebrafish model; and the effects of the extract on the expression levels of several genes in the zebrafish brain which are associated with seizures. The results of this study indicate that O. stamineus has the potential to be a novel symptomatic treatment for epileptic seizures as it is pharmacologically active against seizures in a zebrafish model. The anti-convulsive effect of this extract is also comparable to that of diazepam at higher doses and can surpass diazepam in certain cases. Treatment with the extract also counteracts the upregulation of NF-κB, NPY and TNF-α as a result of a Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) treated seizure. The anti-convulsive action for this extract could be at least partially due to its downregulation of TNF-α. Future work could include the discovery of the active anti-convulsive compound, as well as determine if the extract does not cause cognitive impairment in zebrafish. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:15:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79217d9787b54e2e839dbd988a094b38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:15:41Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-79217d9787b54e2e839dbd988a094b382022-12-22T01:17:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122018-02-01910.3389/fphar.2018.00139333109Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish ModelBrandon Kar Meng Choo0Brandon Kar Meng Choo1Uday P. Kundap2Yatinesh Kumari3Seow-Mun Hue4Iekhsan Othman5Mohd Farooq Shaikh6Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaSchool of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaNeuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaNeuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaSchool of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaNeuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaNeuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, MalaysiaEpileptic seizures result from abnormal brain activity and can affect motor, autonomic and sensory function; as well as, memory, cognition, behavior, or emotional state. Effective anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are available but have tolerability issues due to their side effects. The Malaysian herb Orthosiphon stamineus, is a traditional epilepsy remedy and possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenging abilities, all of which are known to protect against seizures. This experiment thus aimed to explore if an ethanolic leaf extract of O. stamineus has the potential to be a novel symptomatic treatment for epileptic seizures in a zebrafish model; and the effects of the extract on the expression levels of several genes in the zebrafish brain which are associated with seizures. The results of this study indicate that O. stamineus has the potential to be a novel symptomatic treatment for epileptic seizures as it is pharmacologically active against seizures in a zebrafish model. The anti-convulsive effect of this extract is also comparable to that of diazepam at higher doses and can surpass diazepam in certain cases. Treatment with the extract also counteracts the upregulation of NF-κB, NPY and TNF-α as a result of a Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) treated seizure. The anti-convulsive action for this extract could be at least partially due to its downregulation of TNF-α. Future work could include the discovery of the active anti-convulsive compound, as well as determine if the extract does not cause cognitive impairment in zebrafish.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00139/fullepilepsyOrthosiphon stamineuszebrafish modelTNF-αanticonvulsant activity |
| spellingShingle | Brandon Kar Meng Choo Brandon Kar Meng Choo Uday P. Kundap Yatinesh Kumari Seow-Mun Hue Iekhsan Othman Mohd Farooq Shaikh Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model Frontiers in Pharmacology epilepsy Orthosiphon stamineus zebrafish model TNF-α anticonvulsant activity |
| title | Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model |
| title_full | Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model |
| title_fullStr | Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model |
| title_short | Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf Extract Affects TNF-α and Seizures in a Zebrafish Model |
| title_sort | orthosiphon stamineus leaf extract affects tnf α and seizures in a zebrafish model |
| topic | epilepsy Orthosiphon stamineus zebrafish model TNF-α anticonvulsant activity |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00139/full |
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