Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach
Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report increased spontaneous mind wandering (MW) compared to control adults. Since MW is associated with ADHD severity and functional impairment, elucidating the brain mechanisms underlying MW may inform new interventions targeting MW and p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158222001334 |
| _version_ | 1817975295885443072 |
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| author | Natali Bozhilova Jonna Kuntsi Katya Rubia Philip Asherson Giorgia Michelini |
| author_facet | Natali Bozhilova Jonna Kuntsi Katya Rubia Philip Asherson Giorgia Michelini |
| author_sort | Natali Bozhilova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report increased spontaneous mind wandering (MW) compared to control adults. Since MW is associated with ADHD severity and functional impairment, elucidating the brain mechanisms underlying MW may inform new interventions targeting MW and point to neural markers to monitor their efficacy. Population-based electroencephalographic (EEG) studies suggest that weaker event-related decreases in occipital alpha power characterise periods of MW, but no study has examined event-related brain oscillations during MW in individuals with ADHD. Using an experience-sampling method, we compared adults with ADHD (N = 23) and controls (N = 25) on event-related EEG measures of power modulations and phase consistency during two tasks with high and low demands on working memory and sustained attention, and during periods of MW and task focus. Compared to controls, individuals with ADHD showed weaker alpha power decreases during high working memory demands and across sustained attention demands, weaker theta power increases and phase consistency across working memory demands and during low sustained attention demands, and weaker beta power decreases during low working memory demands. These EEG patterns suggest broadly deficient attentional and motor response processes in ADHD. During MW episodes, adults with ADHD showed weaker alpha power decreases in the sustained attention task and lower theta phase consistency in the working memory task compared to controls. These findings suggest that atypical EEG patterns thought to reflect reduced inhibition of task-irrelevant processes and inconsistent stimulus processing underlie increased MW in adults with ADHD and may be useful for future real-time monitoring of treatment effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:48:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-79330d31af0c4fa7b5809cb79ce174eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-1582 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:48:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | NeuroImage: Clinical |
| spelling | doaj.art-79330d31af0c4fa7b5809cb79ce174eb2022-12-22T02:28:30ZengElsevierNeuroImage: Clinical2213-15822022-01-0135103068Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approachNatali Bozhilova0Jonna Kuntsi1Katya Rubia2Philip Asherson3Giorgia Michelini4Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK; School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK; Corresponding authors at: Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College University London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKSemel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States; Department of Biological & Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, G. E. Fogg Building, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK; Corresponding authors at: Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report increased spontaneous mind wandering (MW) compared to control adults. Since MW is associated with ADHD severity and functional impairment, elucidating the brain mechanisms underlying MW may inform new interventions targeting MW and point to neural markers to monitor their efficacy. Population-based electroencephalographic (EEG) studies suggest that weaker event-related decreases in occipital alpha power characterise periods of MW, but no study has examined event-related brain oscillations during MW in individuals with ADHD. Using an experience-sampling method, we compared adults with ADHD (N = 23) and controls (N = 25) on event-related EEG measures of power modulations and phase consistency during two tasks with high and low demands on working memory and sustained attention, and during periods of MW and task focus. Compared to controls, individuals with ADHD showed weaker alpha power decreases during high working memory demands and across sustained attention demands, weaker theta power increases and phase consistency across working memory demands and during low sustained attention demands, and weaker beta power decreases during low working memory demands. These EEG patterns suggest broadly deficient attentional and motor response processes in ADHD. During MW episodes, adults with ADHD showed weaker alpha power decreases in the sustained attention task and lower theta phase consistency in the working memory task compared to controls. These findings suggest that atypical EEG patterns thought to reflect reduced inhibition of task-irrelevant processes and inconsistent stimulus processing underlie increased MW in adults with ADHD and may be useful for future real-time monitoring of treatment effects.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158222001334Brain oscillationsEEGMind wanderingADHDAdultWorking memory |
| spellingShingle | Natali Bozhilova Jonna Kuntsi Katya Rubia Philip Asherson Giorgia Michelini Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach NeuroImage: Clinical Brain oscillations EEG Mind wandering ADHD Adult Working memory |
| title | Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach |
| title_full | Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach |
| title_fullStr | Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach |
| title_short | Event-related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An experience-sampling approach |
| title_sort | event related brain dynamics during mind wandering in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder an experience sampling approach |
| topic | Brain oscillations EEG Mind wandering ADHD Adult Working memory |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158222001334 |
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