Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine
Nowadays, N-functionalized carbon nanomaterials attract a growing interest. The use of melamine as a functionalizing agent looks prospective from environmental and cost points of view. Moreover, the melamine molecule contains a high amount of nitrogen with an atomic ratio C/N of 1/2. In present work...
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| author | Tatyana A. Maksimova Ilya V. Mishakov Yury I. Bauman Artem B. Ayupov Maksim S. Mel’gunov Aleksey M. Dmitrachkov Anna V. Nartova Vladimir O. Stoyanovskii Aleksey A. Vedyagin |
| author_facet | Tatyana A. Maksimova Ilya V. Mishakov Yury I. Bauman Artem B. Ayupov Maksim S. Mel’gunov Aleksey M. Dmitrachkov Anna V. Nartova Vladimir O. Stoyanovskii Aleksey A. Vedyagin |
| author_sort | Tatyana A. Maksimova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nowadays, N-functionalized carbon nanomaterials attract a growing interest. The use of melamine as a functionalizing agent looks prospective from environmental and cost points of view. Moreover, the melamine molecule contains a high amount of nitrogen with an atomic ratio C/N of 1/2. In present work, the initial carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized via catalytic pyrolysis of ethylene over microdispersed Ni–Cu alloy. The CNF materials were pretreated with 12% hydrochloric acid or with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids, which allowed etching of the metals from the fibers and oxidizing of the fibers’ surface. Finally, the CNFs were N-functionalized via their impregnation with a melamine solution and thermolysis in an inert atmosphere. According to the microscopic data, the initial structure of the CNFs remained the same after the pretreatment and post-functionalization procedures. At the same time, the surface of the N-functionalized CNFs became more defective. The textural properties of the materials were also affected. In the case of the oxidative treatment with a mixture of acids, the highest content of the surface oxygen of 11.8% was registered by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The amount of nitrogen introduced during the post-functionalization of CNFs with melamine increased from 1.4 to 4.3%. Along with this, the surface oxygen concentration diminished to 6.4%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:11:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-793739d9fee64bf8962fb48a24bf1d76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:11:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-793739d9fee64bf8962fb48a24bf1d762023-11-24T09:06:26ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-11-011522823910.3390/ma15228239Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using MelamineTatyana A. Maksimova0Ilya V. Mishakov1Yury I. Bauman2Artem B. Ayupov3Maksim S. Mel’gunov4Aleksey M. Dmitrachkov5Anna V. Nartova6Vladimir O. Stoyanovskii7Aleksey A. Vedyagin8Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaBoreskov Institute of Catalysis, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNowadays, N-functionalized carbon nanomaterials attract a growing interest. The use of melamine as a functionalizing agent looks prospective from environmental and cost points of view. Moreover, the melamine molecule contains a high amount of nitrogen with an atomic ratio C/N of 1/2. In present work, the initial carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized via catalytic pyrolysis of ethylene over microdispersed Ni–Cu alloy. The CNF materials were pretreated with 12% hydrochloric acid or with a mixture of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acids, which allowed etching of the metals from the fibers and oxidizing of the fibers’ surface. Finally, the CNFs were N-functionalized via their impregnation with a melamine solution and thermolysis in an inert atmosphere. According to the microscopic data, the initial structure of the CNFs remained the same after the pretreatment and post-functionalization procedures. At the same time, the surface of the N-functionalized CNFs became more defective. The textural properties of the materials were also affected. In the case of the oxidative treatment with a mixture of acids, the highest content of the surface oxygen of 11.8% was registered by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The amount of nitrogen introduced during the post-functionalization of CNFs with melamine increased from 1.4 to 4.3%. Along with this, the surface oxygen concentration diminished to 6.4%.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/22/8239CCVDNi–Cu catalystcarbon nanofibersoxidative treatmentN-functionalizationmelamine |
| spellingShingle | Tatyana A. Maksimova Ilya V. Mishakov Yury I. Bauman Artem B. Ayupov Maksim S. Mel’gunov Aleksey M. Dmitrachkov Anna V. Nartova Vladimir O. Stoyanovskii Aleksey A. Vedyagin Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine Materials CCVD Ni–Cu catalyst carbon nanofibers oxidative treatment N-functionalization melamine |
| title | Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine |
| title_full | Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine |
| title_short | Effect of Pretreatment with Acids on the N-Functionalization of Carbon Nanofibers Using Melamine |
| title_sort | effect of pretreatment with acids on the n functionalization of carbon nanofibers using melamine |
| topic | CCVD Ni–Cu catalyst carbon nanofibers oxidative treatment N-functionalization melamine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/22/8239 |
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