Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects
Introduction: Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in diabetic subjects is higher than that in the general population. Dyslipidaemia is a known atherogenic factor which causes vascular complications in both general and diabetic population. Antherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is the ratio of tri...
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/11690/31834_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(BT_SHU)_PFA(SS)_PB(BT_AP)_PN(AP).pdf |
| _version_ | 1811205752675631104 |
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| author | Siva Prasad Palem Philips Abraham |
| author_facet | Siva Prasad Palem Philips Abraham |
| author_sort | Siva Prasad Palem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in diabetic subjects is higher than that in the general population. Dyslipidaemia is a known atherogenic factor which causes vascular complications in both general and diabetic population. Antherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is the ratio of triglyceride to HDL, which is a major factor for detecting cardiovascular risk. Endothelial Dysfunction (ED) is the primary stage for the development of atherosclerosis and vascular complications. Aim: To estimate whether AIP will be a strong indicator for predicting cardiovascular risk in addition to endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 80 subjects with age group 38-60 years. Among these subjects 40 were type 2 diabetic subjects and remaining 40 were age and sex matched healthy controls. Blood sugar, lipid profile were measured by using well established methods in fully autoanalyser. Lipoprotein ratios were calculated by using lipid profile values in Microsoft Excel. AIP was calculated by using formula log (TG/HDL-c). Nitric Oxide (NO) was estimated by kinetic cadmium reduction method in spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software version 21.0, “Kruskal-Wallis” test was performed for variables between the study groups. Results: Significantly high levels of Triglyceride (TG) and LDL (151.75±62.38 and 181.70±45.72) were observed in type 2 diabetic subjects than healthy controls (121.15±72.72 and 119.13±34.13). The study also observed significantly high levels of TG/HDL and LDL/HDL ratio’s and AIP in type 2 diabetic subjects. Significantly lower level of NO was observed in diabetic subjects; NO is negatively correlated with AIP, TG, LDL, TG/HDL and LDL/HDL. Conclusion: We found negative correlation of AIP with NO. Hence, estimation of NO in addition to AIP can be a strong indicator for predicting CVD in type 2 diabetic subjects. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:36:43Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
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| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-79380e2a9f9540968a667659bfc525ac2022-12-22T03:49:24ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2018-06-01126BC21BC2410.7860/JCDR/2018/31834.11690Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic SubjectsSiva Prasad Palem0Philips Abraham1Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Basaveshwara Medical College, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India.Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Al-Azhar Medical College and Super Speciality Hospital, Thodupuzha, Idukki, Kerala, India.Introduction: Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in diabetic subjects is higher than that in the general population. Dyslipidaemia is a known atherogenic factor which causes vascular complications in both general and diabetic population. Antherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is the ratio of triglyceride to HDL, which is a major factor for detecting cardiovascular risk. Endothelial Dysfunction (ED) is the primary stage for the development of atherosclerosis and vascular complications. Aim: To estimate whether AIP will be a strong indicator for predicting cardiovascular risk in addition to endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 80 subjects with age group 38-60 years. Among these subjects 40 were type 2 diabetic subjects and remaining 40 were age and sex matched healthy controls. Blood sugar, lipid profile were measured by using well established methods in fully autoanalyser. Lipoprotein ratios were calculated by using lipid profile values in Microsoft Excel. AIP was calculated by using formula log (TG/HDL-c). Nitric Oxide (NO) was estimated by kinetic cadmium reduction method in spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software version 21.0, “Kruskal-Wallis” test was performed for variables between the study groups. Results: Significantly high levels of Triglyceride (TG) and LDL (151.75±62.38 and 181.70±45.72) were observed in type 2 diabetic subjects than healthy controls (121.15±72.72 and 119.13±34.13). The study also observed significantly high levels of TG/HDL and LDL/HDL ratio’s and AIP in type 2 diabetic subjects. Significantly lower level of NO was observed in diabetic subjects; NO is negatively correlated with AIP, TG, LDL, TG/HDL and LDL/HDL. Conclusion: We found negative correlation of AIP with NO. Hence, estimation of NO in addition to AIP can be a strong indicator for predicting CVD in type 2 diabetic subjects.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/11690/31834_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(BT_SHU)_PFA(SS)_PB(BT_AP)_PN(AP).pdfhigh density lipoproteinlow density lipoproteinnitric oxidetriglyceride |
| spellingShingle | Siva Prasad Palem Philips Abraham Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research high density lipoprotein low density lipoprotein nitric oxide triglyceride |
| title | Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects |
| title_full | Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects |
| title_fullStr | Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects |
| title_short | Atherogenic Index of Plasma an Indicator for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Addition to Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects |
| title_sort | atherogenic index of plasma an indicator for predicting cardiovascular risk in addition to endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic subjects |
| topic | high density lipoprotein low density lipoprotein nitric oxide triglyceride |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/11690/31834_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(BT_SHU)_PFA(SS)_PB(BT_AP)_PN(AP).pdf |
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