Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment
Winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) undergoes a period of cold acclimation in order to survive the ensuing winter, which can bring freezing temperatures and snow mold infection. Tolerance of these stresses is conferred in part by accumulation of carbohydrates in the crown region....
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| author | Erika B. Kruse Samuel Revolinski Jesse Aplin Daniel Z. Skinner Timothy D. Murray Charles G. Edwards Arron H. Carter |
| author_facet | Erika B. Kruse Samuel Revolinski Jesse Aplin Daniel Z. Skinner Timothy D. Murray Charles G. Edwards Arron H. Carter |
| author_sort | Erika B. Kruse |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) undergoes a period of cold acclimation in order to survive the ensuing winter, which can bring freezing temperatures and snow mold infection. Tolerance of these stresses is conferred in part by accumulation of carbohydrates in the crown region. This study investigates the contributions of carbohydrate accumulation during a cold treatment among wheat lines that differ in their snow mold tolerance (SMT) or susceptibility (SMS) and freezing tolerance (FrT) or susceptibility (FrS). Two parent varieties and eight recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were analyzed. The selected RILs represent four combinations of tolerance: SMT/FrT, SMT/FrS, SMS/FrT, and SMS/FrS. It is hypothesized that carbohydrate accumulation and transcript expression will differ between sets of RILs. Liquid chromatography with a refractive index detector was used to quantify carbohydrate content at eight time points over the cold treatment period. Polysaccharide and sucrose content differed between SMT and SMS RILs at various time points, although there were no significant differences in glucose or fructose content. Glucose and fructose content differed between FrT and FrS RILs in this study, but no significant differences in polysaccharide or sucrose content. RNAseq was used to investigate differential transcript expression, followed by modular enrichment analysis, to reveal potential candidates for other mechanisms of tolerance, which included expected pathways such as oxidative stress, chitinase activity, and unexpected transcriptional pathways. These differences in carbohydrate accumulation and differential transcript expression begin to give insight into the differences of wheat lines when exposed to cold temperatures. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:23:43Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-794162f3e10f4ea8813a4d5063f0945a2023-11-20T18:13:56ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-10-01911141610.3390/plants9111416Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold TreatmentErika B. Kruse0Samuel Revolinski1Jesse Aplin2Daniel Z. Skinner3Timothy D. Murray4Charles G. Edwards5Arron H. Carter6Department of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USASchool of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USAWheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USASchool of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USAWinter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) undergoes a period of cold acclimation in order to survive the ensuing winter, which can bring freezing temperatures and snow mold infection. Tolerance of these stresses is conferred in part by accumulation of carbohydrates in the crown region. This study investigates the contributions of carbohydrate accumulation during a cold treatment among wheat lines that differ in their snow mold tolerance (SMT) or susceptibility (SMS) and freezing tolerance (FrT) or susceptibility (FrS). Two parent varieties and eight recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were analyzed. The selected RILs represent four combinations of tolerance: SMT/FrT, SMT/FrS, SMS/FrT, and SMS/FrS. It is hypothesized that carbohydrate accumulation and transcript expression will differ between sets of RILs. Liquid chromatography with a refractive index detector was used to quantify carbohydrate content at eight time points over the cold treatment period. Polysaccharide and sucrose content differed between SMT and SMS RILs at various time points, although there were no significant differences in glucose or fructose content. Glucose and fructose content differed between FrT and FrS RILs in this study, but no significant differences in polysaccharide or sucrose content. RNAseq was used to investigate differential transcript expression, followed by modular enrichment analysis, to reveal potential candidates for other mechanisms of tolerance, which included expected pathways such as oxidative stress, chitinase activity, and unexpected transcriptional pathways. These differences in carbohydrate accumulation and differential transcript expression begin to give insight into the differences of wheat lines when exposed to cold temperatures.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1416<i>Triticum aestivum</i>snow mold tolerancefreezing tolerancecarbohydrate accumulationtranscript expressionfunctional enrichment analysis |
| spellingShingle | Erika B. Kruse Samuel Revolinski Jesse Aplin Daniel Z. Skinner Timothy D. Murray Charles G. Edwards Arron H. Carter Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment Plants <i>Triticum aestivum</i> snow mold tolerance freezing tolerance carbohydrate accumulation transcript expression functional enrichment analysis |
| title | Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment |
| title_full | Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment |
| title_short | Carbohydrate Accumulation and Differential Transcript Expression in Winter Wheat Lines with Different Levels of Snow Mold and Freezing Tolerance after Cold Treatment |
| title_sort | carbohydrate accumulation and differential transcript expression in winter wheat lines with different levels of snow mold and freezing tolerance after cold treatment |
| topic | <i>Triticum aestivum</i> snow mold tolerance freezing tolerance carbohydrate accumulation transcript expression functional enrichment analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1416 |
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