Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is circulating in many swine-producing countries, causing significant economic losses. It is observed that pigs experimentally vaccinated with a live-attenuated virus (LAV) but not a killed virus (KV) vaccine develop solid homologous protective immunity. The objectiv...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/11/1687 |
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| author | Hung Q. Luong Huong T. L. Lai Lam Q. Truong The N. Nguyen Hanh D. Vu Hoa T. Nguyen Lan T. Nguyen Trang H. Pham D. Scott McVey Hiep L. X. Vu |
| author_facet | Hung Q. Luong Huong T. L. Lai Lam Q. Truong The N. Nguyen Hanh D. Vu Hoa T. Nguyen Lan T. Nguyen Trang H. Pham D. Scott McVey Hiep L. X. Vu |
| author_sort | Hung Q. Luong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | African swine fever virus (ASFV) is circulating in many swine-producing countries, causing significant economic losses. It is observed that pigs experimentally vaccinated with a live-attenuated virus (LAV) but not a killed virus (KV) vaccine develop solid homologous protective immunity. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze antibody profiles between pigs vaccinated with an LAV vaccine and those vaccinated with a KV vaccine to identify potential markers of vaccine-induced protection. Thirty ASFV seronegative pigs were divided into three groups: Group 1 received a single dose of an experimental LAV, Group 2 received two doses of an experimental KV vaccine, and Group 3 was kept as a non-vaccinated (NV) control. At 42 days post-vaccination, all pigs were challenged with the parental virulent ASFV strain and monitored for 21 days. All pigs vaccinated with the LAV vaccine survived the challenge. In contrast, eight pigs from the KV group and seven pigs from the NV group died within 14 days post-challenge. Serum samples collected on 41 days post-vaccination were analyzed for their reactivity against a panel of 29 viral structural proteins. The sera of pigs from the LAV group exhibited a strong antibody reactivity against various viral structural proteins, while the sera of pigs in the KV group only displayed weak antibody reactivity against the inner envelope (p32, p54, p12). There was a negative correlation between the intensity of antibody reactivity against five ASFV antigens, namely p12, p14, p15, p32, and pD205R, and the viral DNA titers in the blood of animals after the challenge infection. Thus, antibody reactivities against these five antigens warrant further evaluation as potential indicators of vaccine-induced protection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:23:41Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:23:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-79519ed4d05a443cb30a3d99eac1992f2023-11-24T15:10:06ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-11-011111168710.3390/vaccines11111687Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus VaccinesHung Q. Luong0Huong T. L. Lai1Lam Q. Truong2The N. Nguyen3Hanh D. Vu4Hoa T. Nguyen5Lan T. Nguyen6Trang H. Pham7D. Scott McVey8Hiep L. X. Vu9Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USAFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamNebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USAFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USANebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USAAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) is circulating in many swine-producing countries, causing significant economic losses. It is observed that pigs experimentally vaccinated with a live-attenuated virus (LAV) but not a killed virus (KV) vaccine develop solid homologous protective immunity. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze antibody profiles between pigs vaccinated with an LAV vaccine and those vaccinated with a KV vaccine to identify potential markers of vaccine-induced protection. Thirty ASFV seronegative pigs were divided into three groups: Group 1 received a single dose of an experimental LAV, Group 2 received two doses of an experimental KV vaccine, and Group 3 was kept as a non-vaccinated (NV) control. At 42 days post-vaccination, all pigs were challenged with the parental virulent ASFV strain and monitored for 21 days. All pigs vaccinated with the LAV vaccine survived the challenge. In contrast, eight pigs from the KV group and seven pigs from the NV group died within 14 days post-challenge. Serum samples collected on 41 days post-vaccination were analyzed for their reactivity against a panel of 29 viral structural proteins. The sera of pigs from the LAV group exhibited a strong antibody reactivity against various viral structural proteins, while the sera of pigs in the KV group only displayed weak antibody reactivity against the inner envelope (p32, p54, p12). There was a negative correlation between the intensity of antibody reactivity against five ASFV antigens, namely p12, p14, p15, p32, and pD205R, and the viral DNA titers in the blood of animals after the challenge infection. Thus, antibody reactivities against these five antigens warrant further evaluation as potential indicators of vaccine-induced protection.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/11/1687African swine fever viruslive attenuated vaccineinactivated vaccineantibody profilehumoral immunityluciferase-based immunoprecipitation system |
| spellingShingle | Hung Q. Luong Huong T. L. Lai Lam Q. Truong The N. Nguyen Hanh D. Vu Hoa T. Nguyen Lan T. Nguyen Trang H. Pham D. Scott McVey Hiep L. X. Vu Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines Vaccines African swine fever virus live attenuated vaccine inactivated vaccine antibody profile humoral immunity luciferase-based immunoprecipitation system |
| title | Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of Swine Antibody Responses following Vaccination with Live-Attenuated and Killed African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of swine antibody responses following vaccination with live attenuated and killed african swine fever virus vaccines |
| topic | African swine fever virus live attenuated vaccine inactivated vaccine antibody profile humoral immunity luciferase-based immunoprecipitation system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/11/1687 |
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